[15] Microbial and Viral Genomics Flashcards
What is genomics?
The study of an organism’s entire genetic makeup.
What is microbial genomics?
The study of the full genetic material of microorganisms.
What is viral genomics?
The study of the full genetic material of viruses.
What’s the significance of microbial genomics?
It helps us understand the diversity, evolution, and adaptation mechanisms of microorganisms.
What’s the significance of viral genomics?
It aids in understanding the origins, evolution, and epidemiology of viruses.
What are the key components of microbial genomes?
- Chromosomes
- Plasmids
- Transposons
- Integrons
What are the key components of viral genomes?
- DNA or RNA (single-stranded or double-stranded)
- Protein coat (capsid)
- Envelope (in some viruses)
Initials: DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Initials: RNA
Ribonucleic Acid
How does microbial genomics contribute to disease understanding?
It helps identify pathogenic microorganisms, understand their resistance mechanisms, and aids in the development of new treatment strategies.
How does viral genomics contribute to disease understanding?
It helps in identifying and characterizing viruses, tracking their spread and evolution, and contributes to the development of vaccines and antivirals.
What is a chromosome in microbial genomics?
A circular or linear DNA molecule that contains most of the genetic information of the microorganism.
What is a plasmid?
A small, circular DNA molecule that is separate from the chromosome and can replicate independently.
What is a transposon?
A DNA sequence that can change its position within the genome, potentially causing mutations and altering the genome’s size.
What is an integron?
A genetic unit capable of capturing and expressing genes, particularly those conferring antibiotic resistance.
