10c bio Flashcards
ecology
study of how organisms interact with one another and their env
ecosystem
multiple communities interacting with one another & their physical env
5 main levels of ecological organisation
- cell: individual cell of a larger organism
- organism: living thing
- populattion: same species in same env
- community: group of interacting population of diff species
- ecosystem
carrying cpacity
limit to how many individuals an env can suppport & sustain
population size
simple count of total numb of members within a given population
pop size equation
Ni+1=Ni+births-deaths+immigration-emmigration
Ni, Ni+1
intitial pop size, future pop size
pop can be inform of
- uniform:penguins
- random: plants
- clumped: elephants
pop density
numb of individuals found in a given area such as indiv per square area
density independent factors
properties of the env that are unaffected as density changes (climate)
density dependents factors
properties of env that change with density of a species (availability of resources)
as density increases?
dpeendent factors become severe, pop growth rate will slow down till pop size remains constant
types of interactions
- mutualism
- commensalism
- preditation
- parasitism
- amensalism
- competition
types of interactions: mutualism
both species benefit from interacting with eachother eg bees n flowers
types of interactions: commensalism
one gains benefit while other experiences no signisficans eg buffulo and bird
