BIOCHAP7C

Question 1

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA):

Answer 1

experimental technique used to identify a pathogen by determining the presence of antigens or antibodies in a sample

Question 2

Transmission:

Answer 2

the movement from one host to another

Question 3

identifying pathogens

Answer 3

Knowing the exact symptoms

Controlling the sprea

Question 4

methods of identifying pathogens

Answer 4

physical: microscopes t determine structure

phenotypic: selective media- agar plate designed to allow certain pathogens to grow and multiplyy to test for presence

immunological: serology:diagnose disease based on presence of antibodies in persons serum

molecular: hybridisation based detection- leballed segments of gene material complementory to pathogen gene mat. if a signal is generated, pathogen is present

Question 5

bacteria

Answer 5

-morphology (shape)
-biochemistry (metabolism)
-DNA (fingerprinting)

Question 6

Modes of Disease Transmission

Pathogens rely on five key methods of transmission to move from an infected host to a non-infected host:

Answer 6

airborne transmission

droplet transmission

direct physical contact

indirect physical contact

faecal-oral transmission

Question 7

Airbone transmission:

Answer 7

pathogens spread via small particles that stay in the air - another person can inhale it (influenca virus)

Question 8

droplet transmission:

Answer 8

respiratory droplets containing pathogens remain suspended in air before falling-person can touch it and infect them

Question 9

direct physiscal contact:

Answer 9

host physicaly touch another individual

Question 10

indirect physical contact:

Answer 10

no direct host to host contact but spread via fomites like food

Question 11

Facecal oral:

Answer 11

pathogens excreted in feces, consumed by another person indirectly via contamination of food or water

Question 12

Management of pathogens is dependent on the pathogen. Strategies will include:

Answer 12

Identification of the pathogen

Prevention of disease

Measures to control the
spread of the pathogen

Treatment of those who are already sick

Question 13

key strat in controlling disease transmission

prevention

Answer 13

improving hygiene via washing, sterilising, PPE, vacc

Question 14

key strat in controlling disease transmission

screening:

Answer 14

routine testing for presence of disease in pop to see who in a pop is affected

Question 15

key strat in controlling disease transmission

quarantine:

Answer 15

seperate rom healthy pple

Question 16

key strat in controlling disease transmission

indentification of pathogen:

Answer 16

which pathogen is present so they can initate appr response

Question 17

key strat in controlling disease transmission

indentify n control more of transmission:

Answer 17

mitigate transmission (eg wearing masks, distancing)