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Veterinary anatomy in latin > Veterinary arthrology in latin > Flashcards

Veterinary arthrology in latin Flashcards

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Latin flashcards
1
Q

the 3 main classifications of joints in the skeletal system

A

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

junctura fibrosa, cartilaginea, synovialis

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2
Q

describe synarthrosis and give an example

A

fibrous joint - immovable, permits very little or no movement
eg. sutures of the skull

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3
Q

describe amphiarthrosis and give an example

A

cartilaginous joint - slightly movable,

eg. ligaments or cartilaginous discs between vertebrae;

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4
Q

describe diarthrosis and give an example

A

synovial joint - freely movable

eg. your typical joints for locomotion

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5
Q

a tooth in its alveolus

A

articulatio dentoalveolaris

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6
Q

Fibrous joints

A

articulationes fibrosae

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7
Q

Syndesmosis

A

slightly flexible fibrous joint such as between radius and ulna

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8
Q

subdivisions of suturae

A

sutura serrata, - squamosa, -plana and -foliata

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9
Q

what is articulatio dentoalveolaris also known as?

A

Gomphosis

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10
Q

name the 3 types of fibrous joint

A

syndesmosis, sutura and gomphosis

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11
Q

cartilaginous joints

A

articulationes cartilagineae

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12
Q

name 2 types of cartilaginous joint

A

synchondrosis and symphysis

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13
Q

describe synchondrosis

A

immobile joint where articulating surfaces are hyaline or fibrocartilage

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14
Q

describe symphysis

A

slightly movable joint

material connecting the articulating surfaces is
hyaline cartilage,
intervertebral disc
or fibrocartilage

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15
Q

what type of joint is a synchondrosis joint and give an example

A

cartilaginous joint, where bones are joined by hyaline cartilage
e.g. between sternebrae, the epiphyseal plate

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16
Q

what type of joint is a symphysis joint and give an example of one

A

cartilaginous joint, bones are joined by fibrocartilage

e.g. pelvic and intervertebral symphysis

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17
Q

Synovial joints in latin

A

articulationes synoviales

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18
Q

describe a synovial joints

A

mobile joints enclosed with joint capsule containing synovia

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19
Q

latin for joint capsule, cartilage and joint cavity

A

capsula articularis, cartilago articularis, cavum articulare

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20
Q

what common features do all synovial joints have

A

articular cartilage, joint capsule, joint cavity

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21
Q

Meniscus latin

A

meniscus articularis

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22
Q

Articular join (sic) between vert.

A

symphysis intervertebralis

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23
Q

intervertebral disc

A

discus intervertebralis

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24
Q

name two parts of a discus intervertebralis

A

anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus

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25
Q

Articular labrum in latin

A

labrum articulare

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26
Q

What types of joints are simple joints, and in latin, and give example

A

articulatio simplex are synovial – formed by two articulating bones, e.g. articulatio humeri

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27
Q

What types of joints are composite joints, and in latin, and give example

A

articulationes composita – include more than two bones within the same joint capsule, are synovial e.g. carpal joint, elbow joint

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28
Q

name 3 ways of classifying synovial joints

A

how many bones form the joint; shape of articular surfaces; degree and type of mobility

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29
Q

name 7 types of articular joint surfaces

A

spheroidal, ellipsoidal, saddle, condylar, hinge, pivot, plane

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30
Q

Spheroidal or ball-and-socket joint - give latin name and description

A

articulatio spheroidea - a spherical head in a cup-shaped depression permits rotation, e.g. hip joint;

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31
Q

Ellipsoidal joint - give latin name and description

A

articulatio ellipsoidea - an articular surface forms an ellipse, e.g. atlantooccipital joint

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32
Q

Saddle joint - give latin name and description

A

articulatio sellaris: surfaces resembel a saddle, e.g. interphalangeal joints

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33
Q

Condylar joint - give latin name and description

A

articulatio condylaris: convex articular condyles articulate with concave articular surfaces, e. g. femorotibial joint

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34
Q

Hinge joint - give latin name and description

A

ginglymus: the joint axis is perpendicular to long axis of the bone, moves only in their sagittal plane, e.g. elbow, fetlock joint

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35
Q

Pivot joint - give latin name and description

A

articulatio trochoidea: the joint axis is parallel to the long axis of the bone and rotary movement occurs around one axis, e.g. atlantoaxial joint

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36
Q

Plane joint - give latin name and description

A

articulatio plana: a slight gliding movement between relatively flat apposed surfaces (facets), e.g. sacroiliac joint

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37
Q

3 types of mobility of joints

A

uni-, bi- and multiaxial

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38
Q

give 2 examples of uniaxial joints

A

Hinge joint, Pivot joint

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39
Q

give 3 examples of biaxial joints

A

saddle-, ellipsoidal-, condylar joints

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40
Q

give 2 examples of multiaxial joints

A

Spheroidal joint, Plane joint

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41
Q

what are synostoses

A

fusion of two or more bones (sing. synostosis)

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42
Q

median osseous junction between two mandibles and consists of what

A

articulatio intermandibularis –

consists of sutura intermandibularis and synchondrosis intermandibularis

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43
Q

name for where mandibular condyle fits into the mandibular fossa and what in between

A

articulatio temporomandibularis and discus articularis

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44
Q

between occipital condyles and atlas

A

articulatio atlanto-occipitalis

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45
Q

describe the Atlanto-occipital joint

A

two ellipsoidal joints

each joint has its own capsule

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46
Q

formed by the dens of the axis and the corresponding cavity of the atlas

A

articulatio atlantoaxialis

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47
Q

describe the Atlantoaxial joint

A

Pivot joint with a common joint capsule and single synovial cavity

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48
Q

Joints between the articular processes of the vertebrae

A

articulationes processuum articularium

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49
Q

describe the joints of the articular processes of the vertebrae

A

plane joints between the articular facets of the vertebrae; minimal axial rotation and moderate amounts of lateral bending, dorsoventral flexion, and extension

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50
Q

Joint of the costal head

A

articulationes capitis costae pl.

articulatio capitis costae sg.

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51
Q

describe the Joint of the costal head

A

spheroidal joint between the head of a rib and the bodies of two vertebrae and intervertebral disc

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52
Q

what and where: intercapital ligament

A

ligamentum intercapitale, between the first through eleventh ribs

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53
Q

what and where: Costotransverse joint

A

articulatio costotransversaria – plane joints between costal tubercle and transverse process;

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54
Q

name 3 shorter spinal ligaments

A

ligamenta interspinalia, -intertransversaria, -flava

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55
Q

Long dorsal longitudinal ligament and where

A

ligamentum longitudinale dorsale passes along the vertebral canal from axis to the sacrum

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56
Q

ventral longitudinal ligament and where

A

ligamentum longitudinale ventrale connects the ventral surfaces of the vertebral bodies from 8th thoracic vertebra to sacrum

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57
Q

nuchal ligament and where

A

ligamentum nuchae – arises from the axis in the ca and the occiput in Ru and eq
inserts to the spinous process of the 1st thor. vertebra

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58
Q

what does ligamentum nuchae consist of

A

funiculus nuchae and lamina nuchae
– in Ru and eq the ligament consists of paired lamina and funiculus;
ca has only nuchal funiculus

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59
Q

supraspinous ligament and where

A

ligamentum supraspinale – continuation of nuchal ligament caudally. Attached to the tips of the spinous processes of thoracic, lumbal and sacral vertebrae

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60
Q

Name 6 neck ligaments of the dog dorsolaterally viewed

A

lig. atlantoaxialis, lig. nuchae, ligamentum supraspinale, ligg. interspinalia, ligg. flava, ligamentum costotransversium

61
Q

how does the nuchal ligament differ in car compared to eq and ru

A

in Ru and eq the ligament consists of paired nuchael lamina and funiculus; ca has only nuchal funiculus;

62
Q

Joints of the thoracic limb

A

articulationes membri thoracici

63
Q

Shoulder joint

A

articulatio humeri

64
Q

describe articulatio humeri

A

spheroidal joint,
no collateral ligaments
rim of the glenoid cavity has fibrocartilage labrum glenoidale

65
Q

Elbow joint

A

articulatio cubiti

66
Q

describe articulatio cubiti

A

composite hinge joint consisting of

humeroulnar joint and humeroradial joint : humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, radioulnarisoroximalis

67
Q

Carpal joint

A

articulatio carpi

68
Q

describe articulatio carpi

A

composite joint, includes the joints between forearm, carpal and metacarpal bones. Consists of 4 parts.

69
Q

Antebrachiocarpal joint

A

articulatio antebrachiocarpea

70
Q

describe articulatio antebrachiocarpea

A

between the radius and ulna and the proximal carpal bones.

A hinge joint in eq,a condylar in Ru and a ellipsoidal in Car.

71
Q

Intercarpal joints

A

articulationes intercarpeae

72
Q

describe articulationes intercarpeae

A

plane joints between the carpal bones of each row; very limited range of movement

73
Q

Middle carpal joint

A

articulatio mediocarpea

74
Q

describe articulatio mediocarpea

A

between proximal and distal carpal bones; considerable movement is possible

75
Q

Carpometacarpal joint

A

articulatio carpometacarpea

76
Q

describe articulationes carpometacarpea

A

between the distal carpal and the metacarpal bones; plane joints, virtually no movement takes place, shock absorption

77
Q

latin for fetlock joints

A

articulationes metacarpophalangeae

78
Q

describe Metacarpophalangeal joints

A

hinge joints between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges and sesamoid bones.

79
Q

what is one of the leading causes of racetrack euthanasia

A

serious fracture-dislocations of the fetlock joint

80
Q

latin for pastern joints

A

articulationes interphalangeae proximales manus

81
Q

describe proximal interphalangeal joints

A

saddle joints which act as hinge joints, lateral movement is limited.

Art. interphalangea proximalis manus/pedis

82
Q

latin for coffin joint sg.

A

articulatio interphalangea distalis manus

83
Q

describe distal interphalangeal joints

A

saddle joints; very similar to the proximal interphalangeal joints; act as hinge joints

84
Q

name sesamoid ligaments of the digit/hoof

A

3x sesamoid ligaments (cruciate, oblique, straight)

ligg. sesamoidea cruciata, ligg. sesamoidea obliqua, ligg, sesamoidea rectum

85
Q

accessory bone meets carpi

A

articulatio ossis carpi accessorii

86
Q

collateral carpal ligaments

A

ligamentum collaterale carpi laterale and mediale

87
Q

dorsal intercarpal ligaments

A

ligamenta intercarpea dorsalia

88
Q

intercarpal interosseus ligaments

A

ligamenta intercarpea interossea

89
Q

accesoriocarpal joint

A

articulatio ossis carpi accessorii

90
Q

name 3 x accessory joint ligaments

A

ligamentum accessoriometacarpeum, lig. accessoriocarpoulnare, lig. accessorioulnare

91
Q

Joints of the pelvic limb

A

articulationes membri pelvini

92
Q

Broad sacrosciatic ligament or sacrotuberous ligament

A

ligamentum sacrotuberale latum, ca; ligamentum sacrotuberale

93
Q

describe ligamenta sacrotuberale latum, ca; ligamenta sacrotuberale

A

from os sacrum (un) and first caudal vertebra (su, eq) to spina ischiadica and tuber ischiadicum.
Absent in the fe and in the ca is a fibrous cord.

94
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

articulatio sacroiliaca

95
Q

describe articulatio sacroiliaca

A

Plane gliding joint, formed by the wing of the ilium and the wing of the sacrum.

96
Q

Pelvic symphysis

A

symphysis pelvina

97
Q

describe symphysis pelvina

A

Cartilaginous joint, ventrally between hip bones

98
Q

Hip joint

A

articulatio coxae

99
Q

describe articulatio coxae

A

spheroidal, ball-and-socket and synovial; very stable, lip of fibrocartilage called the labrum acetabulare

100
Q

ligament of head of femur

A

ligamentum capitis ossis femoris

101
Q

femoral accessory ligament

A

ligamentum accessorium ossis femoris

102
Q

Stifle joint

A

articulatio genus

103
Q

describe articulatio genus

A

composite joint, consists of 3 parts: articulatio femorotibialis lateralis & medialis and articulatio femoropatellaris

104
Q

describe the articulatio femorotibialis

A

condyles of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia; incongruent condylar joint.

105
Q

meniscus of stifle

A

meniscus lateralis & medialis

106
Q

cranial cruciate ligament and describe

A

ligamentum cruciatum craniale - from the lateral condyle of the femur to the tibiae

107
Q

meniscofemoral ligament and describe location

A

ligamentum meniscofemorale - from lateral meniscus to the medial femoral condyle

108
Q

caudal cruciate ligament and describe

A

ligamenta cruciatum caudale - from the medial condyle of the femur to the tibiae

109
Q

transverse ligament of stifle and describe

A

ligamentum transversum genus - connects in ca and su menisci cranially

110
Q

Femoropatellar joint and describe

A

articulatio femoropatellaris - formed by articular surface of the patella and the femur; hinge joint

111
Q

how is the patella joined to the tibial tuberosity?

A

in car, su and small ru: by a single patellar ligament - ligamentum patellae
in bo and eq: by 3 patellar ligaments - lig. patellae: mediale intermedium et laterale

112
Q

unique attribute of equine stifle

A

has locking mechanism, part of the passive stay apparatus

113
Q

Tarsal joint

A

articulatio tarsi

114
Q

describe articulatio tarsi

A

composite joint, includes the joints between crural, tarsal and metatarsal bones.

Consists of 5 joints (art. tarsocruralis, -talocalcaneocentralis, - centrodistalis, -intertarseae, art. tarsometatarsea)

115
Q

tarsocrural joint and describe

A

articulatio tarsocruralis – hinge or cochlear joint between trochlea of the talus and the distal end of the tibia

116
Q

plantar ligament and where

A

ligamentum plantare longum and is found on the plantar surface of the tarsal joint

117
Q

talocalcaneocentral joint and describe

A

articulatio talocalcaneocentralis – hinge or condylar joint

118
Q

centrodistal joint and describe

A

articulatio centrodistalis – between central and distal tarsal bones

119
Q

intertarsal joints and describe

A

articulationes intertarseae – between tarsal bones.

NB! In Car condylar, in Ru hinge and in eq almost plane immobile joint.

120
Q

tarsometatarsal joints and describe

A

artt. tarsometatarseae – plane rigid joints between distal tarsal and metatarsal bones; shock absorbing

121
Q

fetlock joints

A

artt. metatarsophalangeae

122
Q

describe metatarsophalangeal joints

A

hinge joints between the metatarsal bones and the proximal phalanges and the proximal sesamoid bones.

123
Q

metatarsophalangeal ligaments, name 3 types

A

collateral, sesamoidean and interdigital ligaments

ligg. collateralia, ligg. sesamoidea collateralia, ligg. interdigitalia proximalia and distalia

124
Q

pastern joints and describe

A

art. interphalangeae proximalis pedis or manus – saddle joints between proximal and middle phalanges. Act as hinge joint, lateral movement is limited.

125
Q

coffin joint and describe

A

art. interphalangeae distalis pedis or manus – similar to the proximal- are saddle joints with hinge movement.

126
Q

latin for joint ligaments

A

ligamenta articularia

127
Q

fibrocartilagous meniscus

A

mensici articulares

128
Q

simple and composite joints

A

articulatio simplex and composita

129
Q

alar ligaments

A

ligamenta alaria

130
Q

palmar ligaments

A

ligg. palmaria

131
Q

short sesamoid ligaments

A

ligg. sesamoidea brevia

132
Q

straight sesamoid ligament

A

lig. sesamoideum rectum

133
Q

oblique sesamoid ligament

A

ligg. sesamoidea obliqua

134
Q

collateral sesamoid ligaments

A

ligg. sesamoidea collateralia

135
Q

cruciate sesamoid ligaments

A

ligg. sesamoidea cruciata

136
Q

chondrocompedal ligaments

A

ligg. chondrocompedalia

137
Q

chondroungular ligaments

A

ligg. chondroungularia

138
Q

chondrocoronal ligaments

A

ligg. chondrocoronalia

139
Q

foramens through ligament latum in large animals

A

foramen ischiadica majus and minus

140
Q

name and location of long plantar ligament

A

lig. plantare longum located from calcaneus to metatarsals

141
Q

name the 2 lateral collateral tarsal ligaments

A

lig. collaterale tarsi laterale longum and breve

142
Q

name the 2 medial collateral tarsal ligaments

A

lig. collaterale tarsi mediale longum and breve

143
Q

costochondral joints and what are they

A

artt. costochondrales are where the ribs meet costal cartilage to meet the sternum

144
Q

2 ligaments attaching the costal heads

A

lig. capitis costae radiatum and lig. capitis costae intra-articulare

145
Q

coracohumeral ligament

A

lig. coracohumerale

146
Q

what holds the humerus in the glenoid cavity?

A

ligg. glenohumeralia

147
Q

name 3 joints of art. cubitis

A

art. humeroradialis, -humeroulnaris, -radioulnaris proximalis

148
Q

name art. carpi 4 main joints (exclude interossea)

A

art. antebrachiocarpea, art. mediocarpea, art. carpometacarpea, art. ossis carpi accessorii

Veterinary anatomy in latin (29 decks)

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