Digestive system 2. (dentition and pharynx) Flashcards
define heterodonty
various types of teeth in the same individual
define diphyodont
is any animal with two successive sets of teeth, initially the deciduous set and consecutively the permanent set.
define monophydont and give type of animal
one set of teeth, rodents
define polyphydont and example
many sets of teeth (sharks)
Define diastema
is a gap between teeth
Define hypsodont
is a pattern of dentition with high-crowned teeth and enamel extending past the gum line, providing extra material for wear and tear.
e.g. cow cheek teeth and horse dentition
Define brachydont
(„short teeth“) or low-crowned teeth: cease to grow after eruption is completed;
in man, Car, su and Ru incisors
Two unique morphological structures of the cheek teeth of eq and Ru
infundibulum dentis in the cheek teeth
and sharp enamel crests = crista enameli
incisors, latin
dentes incisivi: sg. dens incisivus
canines in latin
dentes canini: sg. dens caninus
premolars and molars in latin
dentes premolares et molares:
sg. dens premolaris and dens molaris
translate and define wolf tooth
dens lupinus: small rudimentary inconstant tooth (P1) in eq
translate and define carnassial or sectorial tooth
dens sectorius:
largest shearing teeth, 4th upper premolar and 1st lower molar in Car
give an example of tricuspid teeth
canine upper incisors (tricuspid = 3 points)
translate vestibular surface: and can be divided into what two divisions
facies vestibularis: labial surface and buccal surface
surface directed towards the tongue
lingual surface (facies lingualis)
translate contact surface: and what two further divisions
facies contactus:
toward next rostral tooth is facies mesialis
and adjacent to the next caudal tooth is facies distalis
masticatory or occlusal surface
facies occlusalis
canine number of teeth in adulthood
42
canine number of teeth in puppyhood
28
feline number of teeth in adulthood
30
feline number of teeth in kittenhood
26
what age are equine permanent teeth fully erupted by
3.5-4.5y
what age are bovine permanent teeth are fully erupted by
2-2.5 y
3 main pharynx divisions
nasopharynx /pars nasalis pharyngis
oropharynx /pars oralis pharyngis
laryngopharynx /pars laryngea pharyngis
4 parts of the oropharynx
palatoglossal arches /arcus palatoglossus
epiglottis
the fauces
isthmus of the fauces /isthmus faucium
3 parts of the nasopharynx
intrapharyngeal opening /ostium intrapharyngeum
palatopharyngeal arches /arcus palatopharyngeus
pharyngeal diverticulum /diverticulum pharyngeum in SU
parts of the laryngopharynx
piriform recesses /recessus piriformis
oesophageal vestibule /vestibulum esophagi
mucosal fold called the pharyngoesophageal threshold /limen pharyngoesophageum in CAR
translate auditory tube opening and connects what
ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae, connects the nasopharynx and the middle ear
pharyngeal tonsil
tonsilla pharyngea
tubar tonsil in latin and occurs where in what animals
tonsilla tubaria occurs at the opening of the the auditory tube (opens into nasopharynx) in su, ru, sometimes eq
palatine tonsil and where
tonsilla palatina is situated in the lateral wall of the oropharynx
veli palatine tonsil and where
tonsilla veli palatini on the oral surface of the soft palate in su and eq
paraepiglottic tonsil
tonsilla paraepiglottica laterally to base of epiglottis in fe, su, ov, cap
lingual tonsil
tonsilla lingualis located on the roof of the tongue
what are tonsils
lymphoreticular tissue, which aggregates to form lymphatic tissue nodules also called tonsils
play role as immunological barrier
esophagus divided into what 3 parts
pars cervicalis, thoracica and abdominalis
why is regurgitation and vomiting extremely rare in horses
the esophagus enters the stomach at a sharp angle in addition to a strong lower esophageal sphincter (into cardia) that acts as a one-way valve
define haplodont
Having the crowns of the molar teeth simple or single, and not divided into ridges, etc.
define bunodont
having cusps that are separate and rounded ie. peoples’, pigs’
define secodont
of, relating to, or having teeth adapted for cutting ie. Carnivora possess carnassials, or secodont teeth
define lophodont
having or constituting molar teeth with transverse ridges on the grinding surface ie. are common in herbivores that grind their food thoroughly like horses
define selenodont
(of molar teeth) having crescent-shaped ridges on the grinding surfaces, characteristic of ruminant mammals. ie. cows
define hypsodont
with high-crowned teeth
define mesodont
having medium-sized teeth
define brachydont
with low-crowned teeth
unique morphological feature of the equine incisors’ occlusal surface
dental cups
number of teeth in an adult horse
on average 40
number of teeth in an adult bovine
32
translate palatine raphe
raphe palati
adult feline cheek teeth numbers, upper and lower arcades
upper: 3 premolars, 1 molars
lower: 2 premolars, 1 molar
adult canine cheek teeth numbers, upper and lower arcades
upper: 4 premolars, 2 molars
lower: 4 premolars, 3 molars
adult pig teeth numbers and how many premolars and molars
I - 3/3 C - 1/1 P - 4/4 M - 3/3 = 22 x 2 = 44
