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Veterinary anatomy in latin > Veterinary anatomy: mammary glands > Flashcards

Veterinary anatomy: mammary glands Flashcards

1
Q

alternative terms for mammary gland

A

mamma, mastos

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2
Q

mammary body

A

corpus mammae

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3
Q

mammary teat

A

papilla mammae

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4
Q

what happens after the lactation period?

A

glandular involution

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5
Q

mammary gland

A

gl. mammaria

consists of epithelial glandular tissue and interstitium

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6
Q

usual number of glands per mammary unit in different species is

A

ca 8…14
fe 5…7
su and eq 2
Ru 1

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7
Q

each mammary gland/complex consists of?

A

single or multiple glands, species dependent, and associated duct system

secretory units grouped into lobes, lobules, and alveoli, with intervening connective tissue septa in which run the mammary vessels and nerves

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8
Q

lobes of the mammary gland

A

lobi glandulae mammariae

are macroscopical subdivisions

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9
Q

mammary lobule

A

lobuli glandulae mammariae

a cluster 1…1,5 mm in size, of 150…200 alveoli
secreting into a central ductule

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10
Q

route of milk draining from lobules

A

intralobular duct
larger interlobular duct
intralobar and interlobar or lactiferous duct
which is the primary excretory duct for a lobe
several lactiferous ducts empty into a lactiferous sinus

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11
Q

lactiferous duct

A

ductus/ductuli lactiferi

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12
Q

translate and define lactiferous sinus

A

sinus lactifer

is a dilated distal part of the duct system, extending into the teat

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13
Q

the lactiferous sinus can consist of what two parts?

A 
pars glandularis (sinus lactifer)
pars papillaris (sinus lactifer)
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14
Q

translate and define papillary venous circle

A

circulus venosus papillae

an annular mucosal fold marking the separation of pars glandularis and pars papillaris of the lactiferous sinus

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15
Q

translate and define papillary duct

A

ductus papillaris

narrow papillary duct in the apex of the papilla
in bo n.1cm

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16
Q

papillary opening

A

ostium papillare

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17
Q

describe the mucosa of the papillary duct

A

bears longitudinal folds

in bo, ends of these folds form radial structure at proximal end

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18
Q

in bovine, what structure can be found at the boundary between teat sinus and teat duct

A

Fuerstenberg´s rosette

at the proximal end of the papillary duct the ends of the longitudinal folds of mucosa form this radial structure

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19
Q

papillary sphincter

A

m. sphincter papillae

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20
Q

papillary sphincter m. contains what unique feature?

A

pacemaker cells (telocytes; bo)

stimulate rhythmic contractions every 15–40 s between the milkings

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21
Q

in which species is the papillary sphincter muscle poorly developed

A

m. sphincter papillae
in small Ru
closure is affected by elastic tissue in the end of the teat

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22
Q

thoracic
abdominal
inguinal mammary glands

A

mamma thoracica
mamma abdominalis
mamma inguinalis

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23
Q

intermammary groove

A

sulcus intermammarius

either longitudinal or transverse

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24
Q

a mare teat as how many ducts and is what shape?

A

2 ducts

laterally compressed cone-like

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25
ruminant teats has how many ducts?
1
26
sows have how many mammary complexes and each teat has how many ducts
14 (10…12) complexes 2..3 ducts each teat
27
canines have how many mammary complexes and each teat has how many ducts
10 (8…12) complexes 8…20 ducts each teat/nipple
28
felines have how many mammary complexes and each teat has how many ducts
8 complexes 4…8 ducts each nipple sometimes more
29
suspensory apparatus of mammary gland
apparatus suspensorius mammarius at base of each gland
30
translate and define the medial laminae
laminae mediales arises from the yellow abdominal tunic, in small part from the symphysial tendon - tendo symphysialis, largely of elastic tissue; separates the halves of the udder
31
translate and define the lateral laminae
laminae laterales arises from the external crus of the inguinal ring and from the medial femoral fascia, composed of dense connective tissue; passes over the surface of the udder
32
translate and define thin suspensory lamellae
lamellae suspensoriae from both med. and lat. laminae, penetrate the mammary gland and lend support
33
the external pudendal artery
a. pudenda externa
34
the main blood supply to the inguinal mammary glands is from?
a. pudenda externa
35
a. pudenda externa arises indirectly from?
the external iliac artery | via the deep femoral artery
36
where does the external pudendal artery pass through?
the inguinal canal
37
The external pudendal artery can divide into what parts?
a. mammaria cranialis or a. epigastrica caudalis superficialis a. mammaria caudalis or ramus labialis ventralis both are partially or wholly embedded in the gland substance
38
translate cranial mammary artery and in which species
a. mammaria cranialis; Ru, eq
39
translate caudal superficial epigastric artery and this is alternative to?
a. epigastrica caudalis superficialis | a. mammaria cranialis
40
translate caudal mammary artery and in which species
a. mammaria caudalis; Ru, eq
41
ventral labial branch and this is alternative to?
ramus labialis ventralis a. mammaria caudalis
42
the caudal mammary artery anastomoses with a division of
the internal pudendal artery, with dorsal labial branch
43
internal pudendal artery
a. pudenda interna
44
dorsal labial branch (of internal pudendal artery)
ramus labialis dorsalis
45
cranially, the additional blood supply for the mammary glands is derived from the?
internal thoracic artery and its branch: the cranial superficial epigastric artery as well as from the lateral thoracic artery & intercostal arteries
46
internal thoracic artery
a. thoracica interna
47
cranial superficial epigastric artery
a. epigastrica cranialis superficialis
48
lateral thoracic artery
a. thoracica lateralis
49
intercostal arteries
aa. intercostales
50
in most species thoracic mammary glands drain into?
the cranial superficial epigastric vein / | subcutaneous abdominal vein
51
cranial superficial epigastric vein
v. epigastrica cranialis superficialis
52
subcutaneous abdominal vein and called this only in what animals
v. subcutanea abdominis ru and mares
53
the subcutaneous abdominal vein opens into the?
cranial epigastric vein
54
cranial epigastric vein opens into the?
internal thoracic vein
55
superficial cranial epigastric vein
v. epigastrica cranialis superficialis
56
internal thoracic vein
v. thoracica interna
57
abdominal and inguinal mammary glands drain into?
the caudal superficial epigastric vein | or cranial mammary vein
58
cranial mammary vein
v. mammaria cranialis
59
the caudal superficial epigastric vein
v. epigastrica caudalis superficialis
60
the ventral labial vein opens into the?
external pudendal vein
61
ventral and dorsal labial vein
v. labialis ventralis et dorsalis
62
the external pudendal vein
v. pudenda externa
63
caudally the dorsal labial vein drains into?
the internal pudendal vein
64
dorsal labial vein
v. labialis dorsalis
65
internal pudendal vein
v. pudenda interna
66
in bovine during the first pregnancy, what develops in regard to vasculature?
an anastamosis develops between cranial and caudal superficial epigastric veins forming the “milk vein”
67
the 'milk vein' drains into?
through the abdominal wall (“milk well”) into the internal thoracic vein
68
The thoracic and the cranial abdominal mammary complexes receive their arterial blood supply from?
the mammary branches of the cranial superficial epigastric artery, which is a perforating branch of the internal thoracic artery
69
The caudal abdominal and inguinal mammary complexes are supplied by?
mammary branches of the caudal superficial epigastric artery, that arises from the external pudendal artery
70
The abdominal and inguinal mammary complexes drain into?
the caudal superficial epigastric veins, which open into the external pudendal vein
71
the mammary lymph node
lymphonodi mammarii also called the superficial inguinal lymph node
72
What structures pass through the cow's inguinal canal
external pudendal artery and vein genitofemoral nerve lymphatics
73
what constitutes a natural barrier against bacterial infections for the bo mammary complexes
The lipid and protein components of the mucosa of the teat canal
74
In large animals, the superficial cranial epigastric vein is also called
the subcutaneous abdominal (“milk”) vein
75
The opening of the milk vein through the body wall is called the?
the milk well xyphoid process region
76
branches of mammary vessels
rami mammarii
77
what cells squeeze milk from mammary alveoli and stimulated by what
basket cells / myoepithelial cells oxytocin stimulates

Veterinary anatomy in latin (29 decks)

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