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Veterinary anatomy in latin > Veterinary anatomy: mammary glands > Flashcards

Veterinary anatomy: mammary glands Flashcards

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Latin flashcards
1
Q

alternative terms for mammary gland

A

mamma, mastos

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2
Q

mammary body

A

corpus mammae

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3
Q

mammary teat

A

papilla mammae

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4
Q

what happens after the lactation period?

A

glandular involution

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5
Q

mammary gland

A

gl. mammaria

consists of epithelial glandular tissue and interstitium

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6
Q

usual number of glands per mammary unit in different species is

A

ca 8…14
fe 5…7
su and eq 2
Ru 1

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7
Q

each mammary gland/complex consists of?

A

single or multiple glands, species dependent, and associated duct system

secretory units grouped into lobes, lobules, and alveoli, with intervening connective tissue septa in which run the mammary vessels and nerves

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8
Q

lobes of the mammary gland

A

lobi glandulae mammariae

are macroscopical subdivisions

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9
Q

mammary lobule

A

lobuli glandulae mammariae

a cluster 1…1,5 mm in size, of 150…200 alveoli
secreting into a central ductule

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10
Q

route of milk draining from lobules

A

intralobular duct
larger interlobular duct
intralobar and interlobar or lactiferous duct
which is the primary excretory duct for a lobe
several lactiferous ducts empty into a lactiferous sinus

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11
Q

lactiferous duct

A

ductus/ductuli lactiferi

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12
Q

translate and define lactiferous sinus

A

sinus lactifer

is a dilated distal part of the duct system, extending into the teat

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13
Q

the lactiferous sinus can consist of what two parts?

A 
pars glandularis (sinus lactifer)
pars papillaris (sinus lactifer)
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14
Q

translate and define papillary venous circle

A

circulus venosus papillae

an annular mucosal fold marking the separation of pars glandularis and pars papillaris of the lactiferous sinus

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15
Q

translate and define papillary duct

A

ductus papillaris

narrow papillary duct in the apex of the papilla
in bo n.1cm

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16
Q

papillary opening

A

ostium papillare

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17
Q

describe the mucosa of the papillary duct

A

bears longitudinal folds

in bo, ends of these folds form radial structure at proximal end

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18
Q

in bovine, what structure can be found at the boundary between teat sinus and teat duct

A

Fuerstenberg´s rosette

at the proximal end of the papillary duct the ends of the longitudinal folds of mucosa form this radial structure

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19
Q

papillary sphincter

A

m. sphincter papillae

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20
Q

papillary sphincter m. contains what unique feature?

A

pacemaker cells (telocytes; bo)

stimulate rhythmic contractions every 15–40 s between the milkings

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21
Q

in which species is the papillary sphincter muscle poorly developed

A

m. sphincter papillae
in small Ru
closure is affected by elastic tissue in the end of the teat

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22
Q

thoracic
abdominal
inguinal mammary glands

A

mamma thoracica
mamma abdominalis
mamma inguinalis

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23
Q

intermammary groove

A

sulcus intermammarius

either longitudinal or transverse

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24
Q

a mare teat as how many ducts and is what shape?

A

2 ducts

laterally compressed cone-like

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25
Q

ruminant teats has how many ducts?

A

1

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26
Q

sows have how many mammary complexes and each teat has how many ducts

A

14 (10…12) complexes

2..3 ducts each teat

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27
Q

canines have how many mammary complexes and each teat has how many ducts

A

10 (8…12) complexes

8…20 ducts each teat/nipple

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28
Q

felines have how many mammary complexes and each teat has how many ducts

A

8 complexes

4…8 ducts each nipple sometimes more

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29
Q

suspensory apparatus of mammary gland

A

apparatus suspensorius mammarius

at base of each gland

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30
Q

translate and define the medial laminae

A

laminae mediales

arises from the yellow abdominal tunic,
in small part from the symphysial tendon - tendo symphysialis,
largely of elastic tissue;
separates the halves of the udder

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31
Q

translate and define the lateral laminae

A

laminae laterales

arises from the external crus of the inguinal ring
and from the medial femoral fascia,
composed of dense connective tissue;
passes over the surface of the udder

32
Q

translate and define thin suspensory lamellae

A

lamellae suspensoriae

from both med. and lat. laminae,
penetrate the mammary gland and lend support

33
Q

the external pudendal artery

A

a. pudenda externa

34
Q

the main blood supply to the inguinal mammary glands is from?

A

a. pudenda externa

35
Q

a. pudenda externa arises indirectly from?

A

the external iliac artery

via the deep femoral artery

36
Q

where does the external pudendal artery pass through?

A

the inguinal canal

37
Q

The external pudendal artery can divide into what parts?

A

a. mammaria cranialis or a. epigastrica caudalis superficialis
a. mammaria caudalis or ramus labialis ventralis

both are partially or wholly embedded in the gland substance

38
Q

translate cranial mammary artery and in which species

A

a. mammaria cranialis; Ru, eq

39
Q

translate caudal superficial epigastric artery and this is alternative to?

A

a. epigastrica caudalis superficialis

a. mammaria cranialis

40
Q

translate caudal mammary artery and in which species

A

a. mammaria caudalis; Ru, eq

41
Q

ventral labial branch and this is alternative to?

A

ramus labialis ventralis

a. mammaria caudalis

42
Q

the caudal mammary artery anastomoses with a division of

A

the internal pudendal artery, with dorsal labial branch

43
Q

internal pudendal artery

A

a. pudenda interna

44
Q

dorsal labial branch (of internal pudendal artery)

A

ramus labialis dorsalis

45
Q

cranially, the additional blood supply for the mammary glands is derived from the?

A

internal thoracic artery and its branch:
the cranial superficial epigastric artery

as well as from the
lateral thoracic artery &
intercostal arteries

46
Q

internal thoracic artery

A

a. thoracica interna

47
Q

cranial superficial epigastric artery

A

a. epigastrica cranialis superficialis

48
Q

lateral thoracic artery

A

a. thoracica lateralis

49
Q

intercostal arteries

A

aa. intercostales

50
Q

in most species thoracic mammary glands drain into?

A

the cranial superficial epigastric vein /

subcutaneous abdominal vein

51
Q

cranial superficial epigastric vein

A

v. epigastrica cranialis superficialis

52
Q

subcutaneous abdominal vein and called this only in what animals

A

v. subcutanea abdominis

ru and mares

53
Q

the subcutaneous abdominal vein opens into the?

A

cranial epigastric vein

54
Q

cranial epigastric vein opens into the?

A

internal thoracic vein

55
Q

superficial cranial epigastric vein

A

v. epigastrica cranialis superficialis

56
Q

internal thoracic vein

A

v. thoracica interna

57
Q

abdominal and inguinal mammary glands drain into?

A

the caudal superficial epigastric vein

or cranial mammary vein

58
Q

cranial mammary vein

A

v. mammaria cranialis

59
Q

the caudal superficial epigastric vein

A

v. epigastrica caudalis superficialis

60
Q

the ventral labial vein opens into the?

A

external pudendal vein

61
Q

ventral and dorsal labial vein

A

v. labialis ventralis et dorsalis

62
Q

the external pudendal vein

A

v. pudenda externa

63
Q

caudally the dorsal labial vein drains into?

A

the internal pudendal vein

64
Q

dorsal labial vein

A

v. labialis dorsalis

65
Q

internal pudendal vein

A

v. pudenda interna

66
Q

in bovine during the first pregnancy, what develops in regard to vasculature?

A

an anastamosis develops between cranial and caudal superficial epigastric veins forming the “milk vein”

67
Q

the ‘milk vein’ drains into?

A

through the abdominal wall (“milk well”) into the internal thoracic vein

68
Q

The thoracic and the cranial abdominal mammary complexes receive their arterial blood supply from?

A

the mammary branches of the cranial superficial epigastric artery, which is a perforating branch of
the internal thoracic artery

69
Q

The caudal abdominal and inguinal mammary complexes are supplied by?

A

mammary branches of the caudal superficial epigastric artery, that arises from the external pudendal artery

70
Q

The abdominal and inguinal mammary complexes drain into?

A

the caudal superficial epigastric veins, which open into the external pudendal vein

71
Q

the mammary lymph node

A

lymphonodi mammarii

also called the superficial inguinal lymph node

72
Q

What structures pass through the cow’s inguinal canal

A

external pudendal artery and vein
genitofemoral nerve
lymphatics

73
Q

what constitutes a natural barrier against bacterial infections for the bo mammary complexes

A

The lipid and protein components of the mucosa of the teat canal

74
Q

In large animals, the superficial cranial epigastric vein is also called

A

the subcutaneous abdominal (“milk”) vein

75
Q

The opening of the milk vein through the body wall is called the?

A

the milk well

xyphoid process region

76
Q

branches of mammary vessels

A

rami mammarii

77
Q

what cells squeeze milk from mammary alveoli and stimulated by what

A

basket cells / myoepithelial cells

oxytocin stimulates

Veterinary anatomy in latin (29 decks)

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