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Veterinary anatomy in latin > Digestive 3. (stomach & omentum) > Flashcards

Digestive 3. (stomach & omentum) Flashcards

1
Q

2 other words for stomach

A

gaster and ventriculus

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2
Q

what is the car stomach lined with

A

glandular mucosa

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3
Q

what type of stomach do eq and su have?

A

simple, composite stomachs (glandular and non-glandular mucosa)

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4
Q

translate cardiac glands

A

gll. cardiacae

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5
Q

which animal has the biggest cardiac gl. region?

A

pigs

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6
Q

translate (proper) gastric glands

A

gll. gastricae [propriae]

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7
Q

translate pyloric glands

A

gll. pyloricae

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8
Q

what gl. regions is the simple stomach divided into?

A

cardiac-, gastric- and pyloric gland regions

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9
Q

translate cardiac opening and it is controlled by what

A

ostium cardiacum and m. sphincter cardiae

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10
Q

name 4 main parts of the simple stomach

A

pars cardiaca, fundus ventriculi, corpus vetriculi, pars pylorica

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11
Q

the pyloric part of the stomach divided into what 2

A

antrum pyloricum and canalis pyloricus

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12
Q

4 terms for the borders of the stomach

A

incisura cardiaca, curvatura (ventriculi) major, incisura angularis, curvatura (ventriculi) minor

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13
Q

translate pyloric opening and it is controlled by what

A

ostium pyloricum and m. sphincter pylori

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14
Q

to what is curvatura minor bound and by what

A

to the hepatic porta (porta hepatis) by the lesser omentum

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15
Q

translate gastric groove and where is it located

A

sulcus ventriculi, located along the inside of the lesser curvature from the cardiac orifice to the pyloric

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16
Q

what anatomical structure facilitates ingesta transport straight to the abomasum from the rumen?

A

sulcus ventriculi, -reticuli and -omasi together

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17
Q

what extends from the diaphagm to the fundus of the stomach?

A

gastrophrenic ligament (lig. gastrophrenicum)

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18
Q

what extends between stomach and spleen?

A

gastrosplenic ligament (lig. gastrolienale) of the greater omentum

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19
Q

what is the free right border of the omentum, that connects liver to pars cranialis duodeni, also called?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)

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20
Q

the proximal part of the lesser omentum, from liver to stomach is also called what?

A

hepatogastric ligament (lig. hepatogastricum)

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21
Q

what extends from the diaphragm to the spleen?

A

phrenicosplenic ligament (lig. phrenicolienale) of the lesser omentum

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22
Q

mesenteries have what 3 functions?

A

route for vessels, nerves to travel to the digestive organs, hold organs in place and store lipids

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23
Q

name the mesentery of the duodenum

A

mesoduodenum

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24
Q

name the mesentery of the jejunum

A

mesojejunum

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25
Q

where does omentum minus arise from?

A

the visceral surface of the liver

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26
Q

order the openings through the diaphragm from dorsal to ventral

A 
hiatus aorticus (most dorsal)
hiatus esophageus (most medial)
for. venae cavae (most ventral, very slightly dex)
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27
Q

translate gastric blind sac and is found in what species, roughly where?

A

saccus cecus ventriculi in equine and roughly in the 14- 15th intercostal space

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28
Q

what irregular ridge separates non-glandular mucous membrane from glandular in the eq stomach

A

the plicate border (margo plicatus)

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29
Q

translate the pyloric protuberance and found in what species

A

torus pyloricus in pigs

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30
Q

what makes up the proventriculus?

A

the rumen, reticulum and omasum

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31
Q

what 3 structures does the lesser omentum attach to in ru

A

the omasum, curvatura minor of the abomasum and cranial border of duodenum

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32
Q

what does the superficial greater omentum attach to on the left of the abdomen in ru?

A

the wall of the rumen near the left longitudinal groove

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33
Q

what are the 2 layers of the greater omentum called

A

superifical and deep

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34
Q

what do the superifical and deep parts of the greater omentum form together?

A

the supraomental recess (recessus supraomentalis)

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35
Q

dorsal and ventral sacs

A

saccus: dorsalis et ventralis

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36
Q

right and left longitudinal grooves

A

sulcus longitudinalis: dexter et sinister

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37
Q

translate cranial sac and give another term for it

A

saccus cranialis, also called atrium of the rumen (atrium ruminis)

38
Q

what area of the rumen does the esophagus open into?

A

atrium ruminis

39
Q

caudal dorsal and ventral blind sacs

A

saccus caecus: caudoventralis et caudodorsalis

40
Q

dorsal and ventral coronary grooves

A

sulcus coronarius: dorsalis et ventralis

41
Q

what are the dorsal and ventral blind sacs separated from each other by?

A

the caudal groove (sulcus caudalis)

42
Q

atrium of rumen separated from ventral sac by?

A

cranial groove (sulcus cranialis)

43
Q

right wall of rumen has what unique structure?

A

ruminal island (insula ruminis)

44
Q

pillars of the rumen

A

pilae ruminis

45
Q

inside surface of rumen covered by?

A

ruminal papillae (papillae ruminis)

46
Q

the rumen is separated from the reticulum by?

A

the ruminoreticular opening (ostium ruminoreticulare)

47
Q

another term for „hardware disease“

A

traumatic reticulitis

48
Q

what macromolecule does the rumin produce a lot of?

A

volatile fatty acids

49
Q

rumen pH?

A

roughly pH 6.7 (ideal for microbial fermentation)

50
Q

topographically where might you be able to palpate the reticulum?

A

the xiphoid process region, cranioventral abdomen

51
Q

describe the surface of the reticulum

A

crista reticuli forming a honeycomb pattern
cellulae reticuli
papillae reticuli within them

52
Q

reticulum connected with omasum by?

A

the reticulo-omasial opening (ostium reticulo-omasicum

53
Q

omasal groove and canal

A

sulcus omasi, canalis omasi

54
Q

another two words for omasum

A

manyplies or psalterium

55
Q

omasial neck and body

A

collum and corpus omasi

56
Q

omasum surface has what?

A

omasial folds (laminae omasi) which have small papillae omasi

57
Q

translate interlaminar recesses and where?

A

recessus interlaminares can be found between omasal laminae

58
Q

the omasum is connected with abomasum by?

A

the large, oval omasoabomasal opening

ostium omasoabomasicum

59
Q

topographically where can the omasum be found?

A

intrathoracially, right side of cranial abdomen

60
Q

a colloquial term for abomasum

A

rennet stomach

61
Q

the function of the abomasum?

A

the chemical breakdown of feed

HCl, pepsin, in young Ru rennin/chymosin

62
Q

name 3 parts of the abomasum

A 
abomasial fundus (fundus abomasi), 
abomasial body (corpus abomasi) and 
narrower pyloric part (pars pylorica)
63
Q

the omasoabomasal opening is marked by?

A

two mucosal folds, abomasial sail, vela abomasica

64
Q

abomasum surface has?

A

glandular mucosa and large abomasial spiral folds (plicae spirales abomasi);

65
Q

What is unique about the swine stomach?

A

the diverticulum ventriculi = conical gastric pouch

66
Q

A protuberance of fat and circular muscle project into the pylorus from the wall of the lesser curvature.

Name this and name what species you can find it in

A

the pyloric protuberance (torus pyloricus) is found in swine

67
Q

The rumen is firmly attached to?

A

the crura of the diaphragm

68
Q

Reticulum purpose?

A

It mechanically compresses digesta mass into smaller particles and only allows those small enough to move on to the omasum.

69
Q

What 4 parts or chambers does the ruminant stomach consist of?

A

Rumen
Reticulum
Omasum
Abomasum

70
Q

what is the abomasum?

A

The posterior-most portion of the ruminant stomach, sometimes referred to as the “true” stomach as it contains cardiac, fundic, and pyloric gland regions.

71
Q

What is the proventriculus?

A

The rumen, reticulum, and omasum are referred to together as the proventriculus.

72
Q

Describe the proventriculus.

A

It is essentially aglandular, consisting of tissues that allow ingesta to be further macerated by mechanical and chemical means.

73
Q

What is the reticulum?

A

A continuation of the rumen or the “2nd stomach”, is similar both in structure and function to the rumen.

74
Q

What is the principal morphological difference between the rumen and reticulum?

A

The presence of mucosal primary folds in the reticulum, reticular crests (crista reticuli).

75
Q

Describe the internal surface of the omasum.

A

Has numerous folds, “leaves” or laminae, that are oriented along the longitudinal plane (laminae omasi)

76
Q

Omasum function?

A

mechanically break down the fibrous diet and is very absorptive (water and nutrients)

This is a result of the additional muscle in the mucosal layer and the tunica muscularis.

77
Q

Stomach pH of a monogastric animal.

A

around 2 pH

78
Q

Where do bile and pancreatic secretions enter?

A

into the duodenum and more specifically, via papilla duodeni major and papilla duodeni minor

79
Q

describe equine stomach

A

simple, half-glandular but small for overall animal size

80
Q

describe canine stomach

A

simple, glandular

81
Q

In which ruminant stomach does the most water resorption occur ?

82
Q

rough volume of the car stomach

A

0,6- 9,0 L

83
Q

rough volume of the feline stomach

A

roughly 300 ml

84
Q

rough volume of the pig stomach

A

3,0- 8,0 L

85
Q

rough volume of the equine stomach

A

8,0- 20,0 L

86
Q

rough volume of the rabbit stomach

87
Q

rough volume of the bovine rumen

A

up to 200 L, usually about 80% of all the chambers together

88
Q

rough volume of the bovine reticulum

89
Q

rough volume of the bovine omasum

90
Q

rough volume of the bovine abomasum

Veterinary anatomy in latin (29 decks)

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