Myology: head 1.1.

Question 1

cutaneous muscle of the face

Answer 1

musculus cutaneus faciei: covers the masseter muscle in car and su

Question 2

Muscles of head in latin and are divided into what 2 groups?

Answer 2

mm. capitis

facial and masticatory

Question 3

Orbicular muscle of the mouth

Answer 3

m. orbicularis oris

car and ru: stronger in upper lip than lower, where it’s interrupted by median segment.

Question 4

Nasolabial levator muscle

Answer 4

m. levator nasolabialis

O: Forehead, lateral surface of nasal and maxillary bones

I: to superior portion of orbicularis oris.

F: Raises upper lip and widens external nares

In ru and eq divides into 2 branches, through which caninus muscle passes.

Question 5

Canine muscle

Answer 5

m. caninus

O: Rostrally on facial crest and on facial tuberosity

I: upper lip near nasal aperture

F: Widens external nares and draws back upper lip

Question 6

Levator muscle of the upper lip

Answer 6

m. levator labii superioris

(under nasolabialis)

O: Variably on maxillary bones

I: Upper lip

F: Raises and draws back upper lip and nasal plane.

Question 7

Depressor muscle of the upper lip

Answer 7

m. depressor labii superioris

Present only in ru and su.

O: Facial tuberosity, ventral to canine muscle

I: Upper lip

F: Pulls upper lip down

Question 8

Depressor muscle of the lower lip

Answer 8

m. depressor labii inferioris

Present in all but car.

O: Maxillary tuberosity

I: Lower lip

F: Pulls lower lip down

Question 9

Buccinator muscle

Answer 9

m. buccinator

O: Maxilla and mandible

I: Middle tendon

F: Narrows cheek pouch

Question 10

Zygomatic muscle

Answer 10

m. zygomaticus

O: Zygomatic bone

I: Orbicular muscle of mouth

F: Draws back the angle of mouth

Question 11

Malar muscle

Answer 11

m. malaris

Weak in all but ru.

O: Facial fascia

I: Lower eyelid

F: Draws lower eyelid downward.

Question 12

Orbicular muscle of the eye

Answer 12

m. orbicularis oculi

O: Circular muscle of eye

F: closes the palpebral fissure

Question 13

Frontal muscle

Answer 13

m. frontalis

present in carnivores, ruminants and pigs (not eq)

Question 14

masseter muscle

Answer 14

m. masseter

composed of superficial and deep part

O: Facial crest and zygomatic arch

I: Lateral surface of mandible and intermandibular region

F: Raises and draws mandible sidewards

Question 15

temporal muscle

Answer 15

m. temporalis

the primary masticatory muscle in Car and strongest in their heads.
In (ru) indistinct. In (eq) not well developed.

O: Temporal fossa

I: Coronoid process of mandible

F: Raises mandible in order to close mouth.

Question 16

medial pterygoid muscle

Answer 16

m. pterygoideus medialis

Larger then the lateral one.

O: Pterygoid process of sphenoid and pterygoid bones and perpendicular plate

I: Medial surface of mandible

F: Raises mandible

Question 17

lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 17

m. pterygoideus lateralis

the smallest muscle of mastication and situated dorsal to the medial one.

O: Pterygoid process of sphenoid bone

I: Medial surface of mandible and condylar process

F: Raises, pushes and draws the mandible forward.

Question 18

digastric muscle

Answer 18

m. digastricus

is single-bellied in domestic animals except equus

O: Paracondylar process

I: Medial on body of mandible

F: Draws mandible downwards and opens mouth.

Question 19

Name 5 main masticatory muscles in latin

Answer 19

mm. masseter, -temporalis, -pterygoideus medialis,

- pterygoideus lateralis and -digastricus