Digestive 5. (liver and pancreas)

Question 1

Name 6 main functions of the liver.

Answer 1

1. bile production (exocrine function)
2. detoxification: degrades drugs and toxins
3. nutrient storage (glycogen, vitamins, iron etc.)
4. synthesis of plasma proteins (alb, glob, fibrin.)
5. metabolism (participates in several pathways)
6. endocrine-like function (hormone alteration ability)

Question 2

On average, how many percent does the liver take up of total body weight

Answer 2

1- 5%

more in car, less in herbivores

Question 3

average life span of hepatocytes

Answer 3

5 months

Question 4

what is the liver enclosed within?

Answer 4

a tough fibrous capsule called tunica fibrosa

Question 5

Another term for hepatic fibrous perivascular sheath, and in latin

Answer 5

capsule of Glisson; capsula fibrosa perivasculari

Question 6

on what surface is the hilus of the liver located on?

Answer 6

porta hepatis is on the visceral surface (facies visceralis)

Question 7

which hepatic edge is blunt and which sharp?

Answer 7

margo dorsalis or obtusus is blunt, margo ventralis or acutus is sharp

Question 8

name the lobes of the liver in eq

Answer 8

lobus hepatis dexter (no further division here)
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis

Question 9

name the lobes of the liver in ru

Answer 9

lobus hepatis dexter
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (processus papillaris; proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister

Question 10

name the lobes of the liver in car

Answer 10

lobus hepatis dexter: lateralis et medialis
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (processus papillaris; proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis

Question 11

name the lobes of the liver in su

Answer 11

lobus hepatis dexter: lateralis et medialis
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis

Question 12

how do dog and pig livers differ from each other?

Answer 12

the difference is pigs lack the papillary process of the caudate lobe, which dogs do have

Question 13

What does the ru liver not have that everyone else does?

Answer 13

divisional fissures

Question 14

which species have both a hepatic papillary process and caudate process of the caudate liver lobe?

Answer 14

car and ru

Question 15

which domestic species do not have a hepatic papillary process of the caudate lobe?

Answer 15

eq and su

Question 16

what ligament is found between the liver and the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Answer 16

hepatogastric ligament (lig. hepatogastricum)

Question 17

what is the free right border of the lesser omentum called?

Answer 17

hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)

Question 18

what structure contains the portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct

Answer 18

hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)

is the free right border of the lesser omentum and contains the portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct

Question 19

which lig. is found between the parietal hepatic surface and diaphragm, and ventral abdominal wall

Answer 19

falciform ligament (lig. falciforme hepatis)

Question 20

what is the free border of the falciform ligament called?

Answer 20

round ligament of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)

Question 21

what is the remnant of the umbilical vein called?

Answer 21

round ligament of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)

Question 22

what lig. is found more dorsally, attaches the liver to diaphragm and connects triangular and falciform ligaments?

Answer 22

the coronary ligament of the liver (lig. coronarium hepatis)

Question 23

name the free fold of the coronary ligament found between right lobe and diaphragm

Answer 23

right triangular ligament (lig. triangulare dextrum)

Question 24

name the free fold of the coronary ligament found between left lobe and diaphragm

Answer 24

left triangular ligament (lig. triangulare sinistrum)

Question 25

which lig. is found between caudate lobe and right kidney?

Answer 25

hepatorenal ligament (lig. hepatorenale)

Question 26

in which species is lig. hepatorenale found?

Answer 26

eq and ca

Question 27

which animal has no gallbladder?

Answer 27

equine, rats, elephants

Question 28

what structures does the liver receive its blood from?

Answer 28

hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein

Question 29

right and left hepatic duct

Answer 29

ductus hepaticus dexter et sinister

Question 30

the common hepatic duct

Answer 30

ductus hepaticus communis

Question 31

the duct of the gallbladder

Answer 31

ductus cysticus

Question 32

common bile duct

Answer 32

ductus choledochus

Question 33

which 2 ducts come together In the horse and in ruminants to become the common bile duct?

Answer 33

ductus hepaticus sinister et dexter

Question 34

interlobular ductules

Answer 34

ductuli interlobulares

Question 35

what structures may pass directly from the liver into the bladder?

Answer 35

hepatocystic ducts – ductus hepatocystici

Question 36

what “guards” the entrance of the bile into the duodenum

Answer 36

a smooth sphincter muscle of the common bile duct

m. sphincter ductus choledochi

Question 37

name the sphincter of the common bile duct

Answer 37

m. sphincter ductus choledochi

Question 38

gallbladder

Answer 38

vesica fellea

Question 39

where is the gallbladder located?

Answer 39

in a fossa on the visceral surface of the liver between the quadrate and right medial lobes

Question 40

the bottom of the gallbladder

Answer 40

fundus vesicae felleae

Question 41

the body of the gallbladder

Answer 41

corpus vesicae felleae

Question 42

of the neck of the gallbladder

Answer 42

collum vesicae felleae

Question 43

in some species the pancreas is penetrated by the portal vein traveling to the liver. What is this called?

Answer 43

anulus pancreatis; su, eq

Question 44

in some species the pancreas is notched by the portal vein traveling to the liver. What is this called?

Answer 44

incisura pancreatis

Question 45

name the parts of the pancreas in eng

Answer 45

right pancreatic lobe, also called the duodenal lobe
body of the pancreas
left pancreatic lobe, also called the splenic lobe

Question 46

name the parts of the pancreas in latin

Answer 46

lobus pancreatis dexter
corpus pancreatis
lobus pancreatis sinister

Question 47

where can lobus pancreatis dexter be found?

Answer 47

in the descending mesoduodenum

Question 48

where can lobus pancreatis sinister be found in Ru?

Answer 48

dorsal? to the rumen toward the spleen, within the greater omentum

Question 49

where can lobus pancreatis sinister be found?

Answer 49

on the visceral surface of the stomach

Question 50

the pancreatic excretory system has what two ducts:

Answer 50

pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus)
accessory pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus accessorius)

Question 51

which pancreatic duct opens on the major duodenal papilla

Answer 51

ductus pancreaticus

Question 52

which pancreatic duct opens on the minor duodenal papilla

Answer 52

ductus pancreaticus accessorius

Question 53

which pancreatic ducts do su and bo have?

Answer 53

they only have the minor one, ductus pancreaticus accessorius

Question 54

which pancreatic duct is bigger in ca?

Answer 54

the minor one, ductus pancreaticus accessorius

Question 55

which pancreatic ducts do fe have?

Answer 55

in fe the main is the pancreatic duct, but in a 20% of cats an accessory duct can also be found

Question 56

3 hepatic ligaments that are remnants of the embryonic ventral mesentary

Answer 56

falciform
hepatoduodenal
hepatogastric

Question 57

3 hep. ligaments that are for mechanical suppport

Answer 57

left and right triangular ligaments
(lig. triangulare sinistrum et dextrum)

coronary
(lig. coronarium hepatis)

Question 58

between which liver lobes is the gallbladder located?

Answer 58

between the quadrate and the right medial lobes (plain right in ru)

Question 59

between which liver lobes can you find the teres hepatis lig.?

Answer 59

between quadrate and left medial lobes (plain left in ru)