Digestive 5. (liver and pancreas) Flashcards

1
Q

Name 6 main functions of the liver.

A
  1. bile production (exocrine function)
  2. detoxification: degrades drugs and toxins
  3. nutrient storage (glycogen, vitamins, iron etc.)
  4. synthesis of plasma proteins (alb, glob, fibrin.)
  5. metabolism (participates in several pathways)
  6. endocrine-like function (hormone alteration ability)
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2
Q

On average, how many percent does the liver take up of total body weight

A

1- 5%

more in car, less in herbivores

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3
Q

average life span of hepatocytes

A

5 months

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4
Q

what is the liver enclosed within?

A

a tough fibrous capsule called tunica fibrosa

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5
Q

Another term for hepatic fibrous perivascular sheath, and in latin

A

capsule of Glisson; capsula fibrosa perivasculari

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6
Q

on what surface is the hilus of the liver located on?

A

porta hepatis is on the visceral surface (facies visceralis)

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7
Q

which hepatic edge is blunt and which sharp?

A

margo dorsalis or obtusus is blunt, margo ventralis or acutus is sharp

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8
Q

name the lobes of the liver in eq

A

lobus hepatis dexter (no further division here)
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis

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9
Q

name the lobes of the liver in ru

A

lobus hepatis dexter
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (processus papillaris; proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister

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10
Q

name the lobes of the liver in car

A

lobus hepatis dexter: lateralis et medialis
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (processus papillaris; proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis

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11
Q

name the lobes of the liver in su

A

lobus hepatis dexter: lateralis et medialis
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis

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12
Q

how do dog and pig livers differ from each other?

A

the difference is pigs lack the papillary process of the caudate lobe, which dogs do have

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13
Q

What does the ru liver not have that everyone else does?

A

divisional fissures

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14
Q

which species have both a hepatic papillary process and caudate process of the caudate liver lobe?

A

car and ru

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15
Q

which domestic species do not have a hepatic papillary process of the caudate lobe?

A

eq and su

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16
Q

what ligament is found between the liver and the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

hepatogastric ligament (lig. hepatogastricum)

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17
Q

what is the free right border of the lesser omentum called?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)

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18
Q

what structure contains the portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct

A

hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)

is the free right border of the lesser omentum and contains the portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct

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19
Q

which lig. is found between the parietal hepatic surface and diaphragm, and ventral abdominal wall

A

falciform ligament (lig. falciforme hepatis)

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20
Q

what is the free border of the falciform ligament called?

A

round ligament of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)

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21
Q

what is the remnant of the umbilical vein called?

A

round ligament of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)

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22
Q

what lig. is found more dorsally, attaches the liver to diaphragm and connects triangular and falciform ligaments?

A

the coronary ligament of the liver (lig. coronarium hepatis)

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23
Q

name the free fold of the coronary ligament found between right lobe and diaphragm

A

right triangular ligament (lig. triangulare dextrum)

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24
Q

name the free fold of the coronary ligament found between left lobe and diaphragm

A

left triangular ligament (lig. triangulare sinistrum)

25
which lig. is found between caudate lobe and right kidney?
hepatorenal ligament (lig. hepatorenale)
26
in which species is lig. hepatorenale found?
eq and ca
27
which animal has no gallbladder?
equine, rats, elephants
28
what structures does the liver receive its blood from?
hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein
29
right and left hepatic duct
ductus hepaticus dexter et sinister
30
the common hepatic duct
ductus hepaticus communis
31
the duct of the gallbladder
ductus cysticus
32
common bile duct
ductus choledochus
33
which 2 ducts come together In the horse and in ruminants to become the common bile duct?
ductus hepaticus sinister et dexter
34
interlobular ductules
ductuli interlobulares
35
what structures may pass directly from the liver into the bladder?
hepatocystic ducts -- ductus hepatocystici
36
what "guards" the entrance of the bile into the duodenum
a smooth sphincter muscle of the common bile duct | m. sphincter ductus choledochi
37
name the sphincter of the common bile duct
m. sphincter ductus choledochi
38
gallbladder
vesica fellea
39
where is the gallbladder located?
in a fossa on the visceral surface of the liver between the quadrate and right medial lobes
40
the bottom of the gallbladder
fundus vesicae felleae
41
the body of the gallbladder
corpus vesicae felleae
42
of the neck of the gallbladder
collum vesicae felleae
43
in some species the pancreas is penetrated by the portal vein traveling to the liver. What is this called?
anulus pancreatis; su, eq
44
in some species the pancreas is notched by the portal vein traveling to the liver. What is this called?
incisura pancreatis
45
name the parts of the pancreas in eng
right pancreatic lobe, also called the duodenal lobe body of the pancreas left pancreatic lobe, also called the splenic lobe
46
name the parts of the pancreas in latin
lobus pancreatis dexter corpus pancreatis lobus pancreatis sinister
47
where can lobus pancreatis dexter be found?
in the descending mesoduodenum
48
where can lobus pancreatis sinister be found in Ru?
dorsal? to the rumen toward the spleen, within the greater omentum
49
where can lobus pancreatis sinister be found?
on the visceral surface of the stomach
50
the pancreatic excretory system has what two ducts:
``` pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus) accessory pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus accessorius) ```
51
which pancreatic duct opens on the major duodenal papilla
ductus pancreaticus
52
which pancreatic duct opens on the minor duodenal papilla
ductus pancreaticus accessorius
53
which pancreatic ducts do su and bo have?
they only have the minor one, ductus pancreaticus accessorius
54
which pancreatic duct is bigger in ca?
the minor one, ductus pancreaticus accessorius
55
which pancreatic ducts do fe have?
in fe the main is the pancreatic duct, but in a 20% of cats an accessory duct can also be found
56
3 hepatic ligaments that are remnants of the embryonic ventral mesentary
falciform hepatoduodenal hepatogastric
57
3 hep. ligaments that are for mechanical suppport
left and right triangular ligaments (lig. triangulare sinistrum et dextrum) coronary (lig. coronarium hepatis)
58
between which liver lobes is the gallbladder located?
between the quadrate and the right medial lobes (plain right in ru)
59
between which liver lobes can you find the teres hepatis lig.?
between quadrate and left medial lobes (plain left in ru)