Digestive 5. (liver and pancreas) Flashcards
Name 6 main functions of the liver.
- bile production (exocrine function)
- detoxification: degrades drugs and toxins
- nutrient storage (glycogen, vitamins, iron etc.)
- synthesis of plasma proteins (alb, glob, fibrin.)
- metabolism (participates in several pathways)
- endocrine-like function (hormone alteration ability)
On average, how many percent does the liver take up of total body weight
1- 5%
more in car, less in herbivores
average life span of hepatocytes
5 months
what is the liver enclosed within?
a tough fibrous capsule called tunica fibrosa
Another term for hepatic fibrous perivascular sheath, and in latin
capsule of Glisson; capsula fibrosa perivasculari
on what surface is the hilus of the liver located on?
porta hepatis is on the visceral surface (facies visceralis)
which hepatic edge is blunt and which sharp?
margo dorsalis or obtusus is blunt, margo ventralis or acutus is sharp
name the lobes of the liver in eq
lobus hepatis dexter (no further division here)
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis
name the lobes of the liver in ru
lobus hepatis dexter
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (processus papillaris; proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister
name the lobes of the liver in car
lobus hepatis dexter: lateralis et medialis
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (processus papillaris; proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis
name the lobes of the liver in su
lobus hepatis dexter: lateralis et medialis
lobus quadratus
lobus caudatus (proc. caudatus)
lobus hepatis sinister: lateralis et medialis
how do dog and pig livers differ from each other?
the difference is pigs lack the papillary process of the caudate lobe, which dogs do have
What does the ru liver not have that everyone else does?
divisional fissures
which species have both a hepatic papillary process and caudate process of the caudate liver lobe?
car and ru
which domestic species do not have a hepatic papillary process of the caudate lobe?
eq and su
what ligament is found between the liver and the lesser curvature of the stomach?
hepatogastric ligament (lig. hepatogastricum)
what is the free right border of the lesser omentum called?
hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)
what structure contains the portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct
hepatoduodenal ligament (lig. hepatoduodenale)
is the free right border of the lesser omentum and contains the portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct
which lig. is found between the parietal hepatic surface and diaphragm, and ventral abdominal wall
falciform ligament (lig. falciforme hepatis)
what is the free border of the falciform ligament called?
round ligament of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)
what is the remnant of the umbilical vein called?
round ligament of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)
what lig. is found more dorsally, attaches the liver to diaphragm and connects triangular and falciform ligaments?
the coronary ligament of the liver (lig. coronarium hepatis)
name the free fold of the coronary ligament found between right lobe and diaphragm
right triangular ligament (lig. triangulare dextrum)
name the free fold of the coronary ligament found between left lobe and diaphragm
left triangular ligament (lig. triangulare sinistrum)
which lig. is found between caudate lobe and right kidney?
hepatorenal ligament (lig. hepatorenale)
in which species is lig. hepatorenale found?
eq and ca
which animal has no gallbladder?
equine, rats, elephants
what structures does the liver receive its blood from?
hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein
right and left hepatic duct
ductus hepaticus dexter et sinister
the common hepatic duct
ductus hepaticus communis
the duct of the gallbladder
ductus cysticus
common bile duct
ductus choledochus
which 2 ducts come together In the horse and in ruminants to become the common bile duct?
ductus hepaticus sinister et dexter
interlobular ductules
ductuli interlobulares
what structures may pass directly from the liver into the bladder?
hepatocystic ducts – ductus hepatocystici
what “guards” the entrance of the bile into the duodenum
a smooth sphincter muscle of the common bile duct
m. sphincter ductus choledochi
name the sphincter of the common bile duct
m. sphincter ductus choledochi
gallbladder
vesica fellea
where is the gallbladder located?
in a fossa on the visceral surface of the liver between the quadrate and right medial lobes
the bottom of the gallbladder
fundus vesicae felleae
the body of the gallbladder
corpus vesicae felleae
of the neck of the gallbladder
collum vesicae felleae
in some species the pancreas is penetrated by the portal vein traveling to the liver. What is this called?
anulus pancreatis; su, eq
in some species the pancreas is notched by the portal vein traveling to the liver. What is this called?
incisura pancreatis
name the parts of the pancreas in eng
right pancreatic lobe, also called the duodenal lobe
body of the pancreas
left pancreatic lobe, also called the splenic lobe
name the parts of the pancreas in latin
lobus pancreatis dexter
corpus pancreatis
lobus pancreatis sinister
where can lobus pancreatis dexter be found?
in the descending mesoduodenum
where can lobus pancreatis sinister be found in Ru?
dorsal? to the rumen toward the spleen, within the greater omentum
where can lobus pancreatis sinister be found?
on the visceral surface of the stomach
the pancreatic excretory system has what two ducts:
pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus) accessory pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus accessorius)
which pancreatic duct opens on the major duodenal papilla
ductus pancreaticus
which pancreatic duct opens on the minor duodenal papilla
ductus pancreaticus accessorius
which pancreatic ducts do su and bo have?
they only have the minor one, ductus pancreaticus accessorius
which pancreatic duct is bigger in ca?
the minor one, ductus pancreaticus accessorius
which pancreatic ducts do fe have?
in fe the main is the pancreatic duct, but in a 20% of cats an accessory duct can also be found
3 hepatic ligaments that are remnants of the embryonic ventral mesentary
falciform
hepatoduodenal
hepatogastric
3 hep. ligaments that are for mechanical suppport
left and right triangular ligaments
(lig. triangulare sinistrum et dextrum)
coronary
(lig. coronarium hepatis)
between which liver lobes is the gallbladder located?
between the quadrate and the right medial lobes (plain right in ru)
between which liver lobes can you find the teres hepatis lig.?
between quadrate and left medial lobes (plain left in ru)
