Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BRS Y2 > Valvular Disorders & Heart Failure > Flashcards

Valvular Disorders & Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

How is cardiac output calculated?

A

Stoke volume x heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is cardiac output

A

The volume of blood the heart pumps in a minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What units is cardiac output usually given in?

A

L/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is ejection fraction calculated?

A

(stroke volume/ end diastolic volume) x100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is ejection fraction?

A

The volumetric fraction of blood ejected by the ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What units is ejection fraction given in?

A

%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 ways mean arterial pressure calculated?

A

Cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance + central venous pressure
OR
diastolic pressure + 1/3( systolic pressure- diastolic pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is mean arterial pressure?

A

Average arterial pressure through a single cardiac cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the units of mean arterial pressure?

A

mm Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should mean arterial pressure be for there to be adequate perfusion?

A

65 mm Hg or above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define infective endocarditis

A

Fever and new heart murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is infective endocarditis?

A

Infection of the endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the endocardium?

A

The innermost lining of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many layers are there in the lining of the heart? What are they called?

A

There are 3, from innermost to outermost they are:
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most common cause of infective endocarditis?

A

Streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How will patients with infective endocarditis present?

A

Fever, malaise, breathlessness, chest pain, fatigue, coughing (general signs of cardiac decomposition)

17
Q

What set of criteria are used to diagnose infective endocarditis?

A

Duke’s criteria

18
Q

What part of the heart does infective endocarditis most effect?

A

The left side and its valves (mitral and aortic) as this is where most blood flows

19
Q

How are IV drug users a concern in infective endocarditis?

A

They are at higher risk due to frequent intravenous injections- they may also present irregularly with more right sided problems as when injected, this is the first place bacteria in the blood will flow to

20
Q

What is dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Dilation in the heart walls with impaired contractibility

21
Q

What are some complications of dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Ventricular/atrial arrhythmias, sudden death, heart failure, impaired systolic and diastolic function

22
Q

What mutated genes are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Mutations in genes encoding cardiac cytoskeletal proteins eg titin, lamin, phospholamban etc

23
Q

How is cardiac myopathy managed?

A

ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, diuretics for fluid overload, anticoagluation meds for atrial fibrillation, cardiac devices eg internal defribillator

BRS Y2 (85 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions