Obesity Flashcards
What is the definition of obesity?
A condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, to the extent that health is impaired
What is the healthy BMI range?
18.5-24.9 (below 25)
What is the overweight BMI range?
25-29.9 (below 30)
What is the obesity I BMI range?
less than 35 (30-34.9)
What is the obesity II BMI range?
less than 40 (35-39.9)
What is the obesity III BMI range?
over 40
What is the underweight BMI range?
less than 18.5
Why may BMI not be accurate?
It doesn’t account for muscle mass
What are the 2 main factors that affect obesity?
Genetics
Environment
What is the main factor that affects obesity?
Genetics
What body part is important for regulation of appetite?
Hypothalamus
What are some factors that have driven an increase in obesity?
Access to cheap fast food Access to outdoor parks/playground Screen time Car usage Education level Poverty
What comorbidities are associated with obesity?
Depression Stroke MI Diabetes Sleep apnoea Cancer Osteoarthritis Gout
How is BMI associated with mortality?
As BMI increases there is a higher chance of you dying that year
How is obesity treated?
Determine degree of obesity Assess their lifestyle and co-morbidities Suggest lifestyle changes Refer to specialist if required Bariatric surgery
What drugs can be offered for obesity? How does it work
Orlistat
Gastric and pancreatic lipase inhibitor
Reduces dietary fat absorption by around 30%.
When can bariatric surgery be considered? When is it first line?
Consider if BMI is over 40
First line if BMI is over 50
What are the 3 types of bariatric surgery? Describe how they work
Gastric bypass– the top part of your stomach is joined to the small intestine, so you feel fullersooner and do not absorb as many calories from food
Gastric band– a band is placed around your stomach, so you do not need to eat as much to feel full
Sleeve gastrectomy–some of your stomach is removed,soyou cannot eat as much as you could before and you’ll feelfull sooner.
