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BRS Y2 > Psychopharmacology of Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychopharmacology of Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main methods of treatment in medicine? Give an example of each

A 
Chemical (drugs and medicines)
Electrical stimulation (ECT for depression)
Structural rearrangement (surgery and orthopaedics)
Talking therapies (CBT)
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2
Q

What are some of the way drugs can be classified?

A

Based on clinical structure
Based on illness they treat
Based on pharmacology

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3
Q

What are the 4 targets psychiatry drugs can work on?

A

Receptors
Enzymes
Ion channels
Reuptake transporters

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4
Q

What conditions are monoamine oxidase inhibitors used for?

A

Anxiety and dperession

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5
Q

What conditions are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used for?

A

Dementia

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6
Q

What conditions is lithium for?

A

Ones that require mood stability

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7
Q

How does lithium work?

A

Blocks glycogen synthase kinase

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8
Q

What receptor is blocked for schizophrenia?

A

Dopamine

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9
Q

What receptor is targeted by an antagonist for depression?

A

Serotonin

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10
Q

What receptor is targeted by an antagonist for sleep?

A

Histamine

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11
Q

What receptor are benzodiazepines an agonist for?

A

GABA

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12
Q

What receptor does guaniface enhance and in what condition?

A

Noradrenaline in ADHD

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13
Q

Citalopram blocks the reuptake of which neurotransmitter?

A

Serotonin

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14
Q

Which subpart of the serotonin receptor is inhibitory?

A

5HT1a

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15
Q

What subpart of the serotonin receptor do psychedelics work on?

A

5HT2

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16
Q

How does sodium valporate work?

A

By blocking an ion channel for mood stabilisation and epilepsy

17
Q

What are the 2 catagories of neurotransmitters (in terms of time it takes them to work)?

A

Fast acting and slow acting

18
Q

What disorder does excess glutamate cause?

A

Epilepsy

Alcoholism

19
Q

What condition does GABA deficiency cause?

A

Anxiety

20
Q

What conditions does 5-HT deficiency cause?

A

Depression

Anxiety

21
Q

What is the serotonin receptor called?

A

5-HT

22
Q

What condition does excess dopamine cause?

A

Psychosis

23
Q

What condition does excess noradrenaline cause?

A

Nightmares

24
Q

What condition does dopamine deficiency cause?

A

Impaired memory/dementia

25
Q

What are partial agonists?

A

They have lower efficacy than full agonists, they can switch between agonist and antagonist depending on wether theres a deficiency or not

26
Q

What are inverse agonists?

A

They work in the opposite way to agonists, but they neither fully block nor activate receptors (like on/off light switches and dimmer switches)

27
Q

On the GABA-A receptor what is the role of the alpha-1 subunit?

A

Regulates inhibition from GABA inter neurones onto pyramidal cells

28
Q

On the GABA-A receptor what is the role of the alpha-2 subunit?

A

Controls output of pyramidal cells

29
Q

What will inhibition of the GABA-A receptor alpha 2 subunit cause?

A

Prevents firing of the cell

30
Q

On the GABA-A receptor what is the role of the alpha-5 subunit?

A

Dampens tonic activity in the brain

31
Q

Where is alpha 5 subunit of the GABA-A receptor most highly expressed?

A

Emotionally rich areas of the brain

32
Q

What type of receptor is GABA-A?

A

Ion channel linked

33
Q

What is the orthosteric site?

A

The site the neurotransmitter is supposed to bind to

34
Q

What site on the GABA receptor do benzodiazepines act on? How do they work?

A

They act on allosteric sites and enhance the secretion of GABA to cause sedation

35
Q

What conditions are benzodiazepines used for?

A

Helping with sleep, anxiety, epilepsy

36
Q

How selective is haloperidol? What is it used for and what does it act on?

A

It is very selective and blocks the d2 dopamine receptor, used in schizophrenia

37
Q

How selective is citalopram?

A

Very

38
Q

What are the 3 ways tricyclic amitriptyline works? Does it cause side effects?

A

Histamine blocker
5HT receptor blocker
Muscarinic anticholinergic blocker
It causes lots of side effects

BRS Y2 (85 decks)

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