Pharmacology of Hypertension Flashcards
What is Q risk?
Cardiovascular risk= risk of having a stroke or heart attack in the next 10 years
What are the 2 main calcium channel blockers (CCBs)?
Amlodipine
Felodipine
What hypertensive patients are CCBs prescribed to?
Those who aren’t black or diabetic
What is the target site of CCBs?
L type calcium channel
What is the location where CCBs work?
Vascular smooth muscle
What is the effect of CCBs?
Relaxes smooth muscle by blocking calcium influx
How do CCBs affect cardiac output?
Slightly reduce it
At what time of day is blood pressure highest?
In the morning
Define clearance
The measure of the ability of the body to eliminate a drug
Define elimination half life
The length of time required for the concentration of a particular drug to decrease to half of its starting dose in the body
Define time to peak plasma levels and explain how absorption rate effects it
Time required for a drug to reach peak concentration in plasma. The faster the absorption rate, the lower is the time to peak plasma concentration.
What do swollen ankles in hypertension indicate?
Decreased cardiac output and heart failure
What is the target site for ACE inhibitors?
Angiotensin converting enzyme
Where is the location where ACE inhibitors work?
Lungs and kidneys
What is the effect of ACE inhibitors?
Less angiotensin II production so less vasoconstriction, salt/water retention and aldosterone secretion