Unit 3.5 - The Limbic System Flashcards
What is the corpus colosseum?
It is connective tissue that connects the right and left side of the brain.
What are the left and right myths?
Artistic vs. Analytical
Intuitive vs. Logical
Different personailities
What is the contralateral effect?
In most people, the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body while the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body. Thus there is such things as dominant hand, foot, and age.
How are right-handed people with language?
They process language in the left hemisphere.
What are left-handed people with language?
They have more diversity in language processing and brain is unique, may use both hemispheres.
What is callasotomy?
It is the split brain effects, both sides work independently. Left eye = left field of vision but saw square which was on right eye vision.
Right eye = right field of vision but saw circle which was on left eye vision.
Can’t say what is on the left eye because because of specialization of language is on the left side of brain, left hemisphere has no access to what left eye sees, only right hemisphere sees.
What do the ventricles and meninges do?
They hold cerebrospinal fluid which support and cushion brain.
What is in the limbic system? It is involved in behavioural and emotional responses.
The thalamus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala, basal ganglia, and parts of the brain stem.
What does the thalamus do?
The thalamus is a sensory relay station, senses channel through thalamus before going to special parts in cerebrum. DOES NOT INCLUDE OLFACTORY BULBS.
What does the hippocampus do?
It is responsible for the formation fo short-term memories, it retrieves and constructs new ones. It faces neurogenesis throughout life.
What does the hypothalamus do?
It is below the thalamus, it is the connection to the endocrine system as it produces hormones, regulates temp, BP, and appetite.
What does the amygdala do?
It is the the fear centre, and it is responsible for panic and emotional reactions and emotional memories. The bigger it is the more emotional the person.
What does the basal ganglia do?
It is for pleasure and novelty and surprise.
What is in the brain stem area?
Medulla, pons, cerebellum, spinal cord.
What does the pons do?
It is the bridge between the hindbrain and forebrain. It is responsible for autonomic processes during sleep like movement of eyes and sleeping transitions.
What does the medulla do?
The medulla is responsible for autonomic processes such as breathing, heart rate, BP. Can be life threatening if damaged.
What does cerebellum do?
Great number of neurons and they are densely packed. Still understudied but believed to be important for movement, coordination, and balance. Elephants have the largest cerebellum and takes up most of their space.
What does the spinal cord do?
It has 31 segments and has grey and white matter. It stops growing at the age of five, and it can work independent of the brain, which is seen through reflex arcs.
What are reflex arcs?
They give input to spinal cord and makes decisions instantly, then output to muscles. Brain receives relayed responses after.
What was the case of Henry Molaison?
He suffered from severe seizures; his hippocampus and amygdala was removed and he was unable to form new memories and learn new skills.
What is the reticular formation? Where is it located?
It extends up the forebrain and hindbrain and it regulates sleep/wake cycle and alerts and arousal. It is in mid brain.
What does the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental? Where is it located?
Produces dopamine and helps with movement. Degeneration causes Parkinson’s disease. Involved in mood, reward, and addiction. It is in mid brain.
What is in the hindbrain? What is in its brainstem?
Medulla and pons. Brainstem includes pons, medulla, and midbrain.
