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Oral surgery > Trigeminal nerve > Flashcards

Trigeminal nerve Flashcards

1
Q

Trigeminal nerve fibres

A

Mixed(sensory and motor)

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2
Q

Nuclei of trigeminal nerve

A
  • Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  • Principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  • Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  • Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve
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3
Q

Divisions of trigeminal nerve

A
  • Opthalmic nerve (CN V1)
  • Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
  • Mandibular nerve (CN C3)
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4
Q

First division of trigeminal nerve

A

Opthalmic branch

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5
Q

Opthalmic branch sensation

A
  • Sensory nerve
  • Pain, light touch and temperature
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6
Q

Opthalmic branches

A
  • Nasociliary nerve
  • Frontal nerve
  • Lacrimal nerve
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7
Q

Opthalmic division supply

A
  • Eyes
  • Conjunctiva
  • Lacrimal gland
  • Nasal cavity
  • Frontal sinus
  • Ethmoidal sinus
  • Upper eyelid
  • Dorsum of nose
  • Anterior part of scalp
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8
Q

Sensation of maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

A

Sensory

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9
Q

Unite at opening of foramen rotundum to form maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve

A
  • Zygomatic
  • Pterygopalatine
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerves
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10
Q

Branches of the maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

A
  • Middle meningeal nerve
  • Zygomatic nerve
  • Pterygopalatine nerve
  • Branches for nasal cavity
  • Palatine nerves
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerves
  • Infraorbital nerves
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11
Q

Maxillary division supply

A
  • Dura mater of middle cranial fossa
  • Palate
  • Nasal cavity and nasopharynx
  • Teeth and upper jaw
  • Skin of side of nose, lower eyelid, cheek and upper lip
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12
Q

Sensation of mandibular division

A

Sensory and motor

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13
Q

Branches of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

A
  • Inferior alveolar nerve
  • Mylohyoid nerve
  • Auriculotemporal nerve
  • Lingual nerve
  • Buccal nerve
  • Nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle
  • Nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle
  • Masseteric nerve
  • Nerve to the tensor veli palatini muscle
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14
Q

Ophthalmic Nerve origin

A

exits skull through superior orbital fissure on the superior surface of the orbit

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15
Q

Ophthalmic Nerve branches

A
  • *-Lacrimal nerve** (smallest),
  • *-Frontal nerve**(largest )
  • Nasociliary nerve
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16
Q

The maxillary nerve exists the brain through

A

Foramen rotundum

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17
Q

After passing through foramen rotundum, the maxillary nerve passes into

A

The pterygopalatine space and splits into four branches

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18
Q

Where does the pterygopalatine nerve split off from

A

-Close to foramen rotundum

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19
Q

Which branch of the Pterygopalatine Nerve passes through the greater palatine foramen and what does it become?

A

Descending palatine nerve becomes Greater palatine nerve

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20
Q

Greater palatine nerve innervation

A
  • Mucosa of posterior part of hard palate
  • Palatal gingiva of posterior teeth
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21
Q

Nerves that arise posterior to the Greater palatine foramen

A

Middle and Posterior (lesser) palatine nerves enter the palate through the lesser palatine foramen to spread posteriorly to supply the tonsils and mucosa of the soft palate

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22
Q

Long branch of Pterygopalatine nerve that runs along roof of nasal cavity

A
  • Nasopalatine nerve
  • Runs along nasal septum->enters bone of palate->arises in anterior palate through incisive foramen
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23
Q

Nasopalatine nerve Innervates

A

-Soft tissue of the nasal septum and gingiva

-Palatal soft tissue lingual to the anterior teeth

24
Q

The right and left nasopalatine nerves combined with the greater palatine nerves innervate

A

Soft tissues of entire hard palate

25
Q

Before the maxillary nerve enters the infraorbital fissure and canal on the floor of the orbit it gives off

A

Posterior Superior Alveolar nerve

26
Q

-Once in maxillary bone the posterior superior alveolar nerve supplies

A

-Maxillary molars(except mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars)

  • Alveolar bone
  • PDL
  • Facial gingiva of maxillary molars
  • Mucosa of part of maxillary sinus
  • Cheek mucosa next to maxillary molars
27
Q

In the pterygopalatine space, a third branch of the maxillary nerve splits off and passes through

A
  • Inferior orbital fissure on floor of orbit and enters infraorbital canal
  • Becomes infraorbital nerve
28
Q

Within the infraorbital canal the infraorbital nerve gives off two branches

A

Middle superior alveolar nerve(MSA) and Anterior superior alveolar nerve (ASA)

29
Q

The middle superior alveolar nerve passes

A

Forward through lining of maxillary sinus

30
Q

Branches of middle superior alveolar nerve supply

A
  • Maxillary premolars and mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar
  • Alveolar bone
  • Periodontal ligaments
  • Facial gingiva
  • In maxillary premolar region and part of maxillary sinus
31
Q

Second branch given off by the infraorbital nerve while in the infraorbital canal

A

Anterior superior alveolar nerve

32
Q

Anterior superior alveolar nerve supplies

A
  • Pulp
  • Supporting alveolar bone
  • Periodontal ligaments
  • Facial gingiva
  • Of maxillary anterior teeth and part of maxillary sinus
33
Q

Infraorbital nerve exits from

A

Infraorbital foramen

34
Q

After exiting from the infraorbital foramen, the infraorbital nerve splits into terminal branches that innervate

A
  • Skin and mucosa of side of nose(nasal nerve)
  • Skin and mucosa of lower eyelid(palpebral nerve)
  • Skin and mucosa of upper lip, facial gingiva of maxillary premolars and facial gingiva of anterior teeth(labial nerve)
35
Q

The zygomatic nerve arises in

A

-Pterygopalatine fossa

-Enters orbit via infraorbital fissure and then divides into zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial nerves(upper and lower branches)

36
Q

The zygomatic nerve supplies

A

-Skin of temporal region and lower part of orbit

37
Q

Mixed nerve (sensory and motor) and only motor portion of trigeminal nerve

A

Mandibular nerve

38
Q

Motor fibres of mandibular nerve supply

A

-8 muscles of mastication

-Mylohyoid muscle

-Anterior belly of the digastric muscle

39
Q

Sensory fibres of mandibular nerve supply

A
  • Touch, pain, pressure and temperature
  • Lower third of face
  • Floor of mouth
  • Anterior two thirds of tongue(not taste)
  • Mandibular teeth
40
Q

The mandibular nerve exits the neurocranium through

A

Foramen ovale

41
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve supplies

A
  • Pain and proprioception fibres to the TMJ
  • Skin of outer ear
  • Lateral aspect of skull and cheek
42
Q

Buccal nerve origin

A

-Comes off just below foramen ovale

-Passes through infratemporal space between the two heads of lateral pterygoid muscle and then down and forward toward to the buccinator muscle

43
Q

Buccal nerve innervates

A

-Mucosa and skin of cheek in area of mandibular molars up to corner of mouth

-Sometimes second premolars

44
Q

Lingual nerve origin

A

Inferior to foramen ovale

-Passes downward and medial to ramus but lateral to medial pterygoid muscle to mucous membrane just lingual to last molar

45
Q

Lingual nerve innervation

A
  • Touch, pain, pressure, temperature(not taste)
  • Dorsal(top) and ventral(bottom) surface of anterior two thirds of the tongue and adjacent tissues(floor of mouth, inner surface of mandible and lingual gingiva of entire mandible)
46
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve origin

A

-Diverts from mandibular nerve on medial side of lateral pterygoid muscle

47
Q

The inferior alveolar nerve parallels the direction of the

A
  • Lingual nerve
  • Descends between sphenomandibular ligament and ramus to mandibular foramen
48
Q

At the mandibular foramen the Inferior alveolar nerve

A

Gives off mylohyoid nerve and enters mandibular foramen

49
Q

The mylohyoid nerve pierces the

A

Sphenomandibular ligament and travels forward in the mylohyoid groove to supply mylohyoid muscle

50
Q

Once the Inferior alveolar nerve enters the mandible through the mandibular foramen it is in the

A
  • Mandibular canal
  • Gives off dental branches that spread through trabecular bone of mandible
  • Enter apical foramen of all mandibular molars and premolars
  • Innervates PDL and alveolar processes of those teeth
51
Q

Within the mandibular canal, the Inferior alveolar nerve splits near the roots of the premolars to become

A

-Mental and incisive nerves

52
Q

Incisive nerve supplies

A
  • Mandibular incisor and canine teeth
  • Their PDLs and alveolar processes
53
Q

The mental nerve branch of the Inferior alveolar nerve exits from the body of the mandible through

A

-Mental foramen

54
Q

Mental nerve supplies

A
  • Facial gingiva of the mandibular incisors, canines, and premolars
  • Mucosa and skin of the lower lip and chin on that side up to the midline
55
Q

Motor(efferent) branches of mandibular nerve supply to muscles of mastication

A
  • Masseteric nerve-(Masseter muscle and TMJ)
  • Posterior and anterior temporal nerves(Temporalis muscle)
  • Medial pterygoid nerve(medial pterygoid muscle)

-Lateral pterygoid nerve(lateral pterygoid muscle)

Oral surgery (106 decks)

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