Arteries

Question 1

Blood flow from heart to mouth

Answer 1

-Left ventricle->aorta->common carotid artery(ascends in neck and divides into)->external carotid artery->maxillary branches(supply structures of mouth)->Internal carotid artery enters skull through carotid canal(doesn’t supply mouth)

Question 2

As external carotid artery passes superiorly it gives off three important branches

Answer 2

• Lingual artery(1st)
• Facial artery(2nd)
• Maxillary artery(3rd)

Question 3

Lingual artery origin

Answer 3

• Comes off near hyoid bone
• Enters tongue

Question 4

Lingual artery innervation

Answer 4

-Just like lingual nerve, supplies floor of mouth, adjacent gingiva and sublingual gland

Question 5

Facial artery origin

Answer 5

-Comes off just superior or with lingual artery

Question 6

Facial Artery direction after origin

Answer 6

-Passes forward and inferior to submandibular gland then laterally around the lower border of the mandible

Question 7

Once at the mandible, the facial artery

Answer 7

• Passes with Facial nerve through Antegonial notch(shallow notch on inferior border of mandible anterior to insertion of Masseter muscle)
• Travels upward over outer surface of mandible to face

Question 8

Four branches of Facial artery

Answer 8

• Ascending palatine artery
• -Submental artery*
• -Inferior and superior labial arteries*

Question 9

Ascending palatine artery origin and innervation

Answer 9

• Highest point of first bend of facial artery before passes onto face
• Ascends to supply adjacent structures to pharynx(soft palate, pharyngeal muscles, mucosa of pharynx and palatine tonsil)

Question 10

Submental artery innervation

Answer 10

-Converges with mylohyoid nerve and supplies structures of floor of the mouth(mylohyoid muscle, anterior belly of the digastric muscle and lymph nodes inferior to mylohyoid muscle)

Question 11

Inferior and superior labial artery innervation

Answer 11

After passing onto face, surround and supply lips and orbicularis oris muscle

Question 12

Terminal branches of facial artery

Answer 12

Lateral nasal and Angular arteries

Question 13

Third branch of of external carotid artery

Answer 13

Maxillary artery

Question 14

Maxillary artery origin

Answer 14

Arises from External carotid artery within parotid gland

Question 15

Branches of maxillary artery

Answer 15

• Mandibular (First part)
• Pterygoid part(Middle part)

-Pterygopalatine parts(Third part)

Question 16

Branches of maxillary artery directly involved in blood supply to mandibular and maxillary teeth

Answer 16

Mandibular and pterygopalatine parts

Question 17

Branch of maxillary artery involved in blood supply to muscles of mastication

Answer 17

Pterygoid part

Question 18

Branches of the mandibular part of the maxillary artery supply

Answer 18

Mandibular teeth and their PDLs

Question 19

The mandibular part of the maxillary artery divides into

Answer 19

-Inferior alveolar artery(enters mandible through mandibular foramen and supplies mandibular molars and premolars)

Question 20

The inferior alveolar artery divides into

Answer 20

• Mental artery(exits from mental foramen to lower lip and chin)
• Incisive artery(continues forward to supply anterior teeth)

Question 21

The pterygoid part of maxillary artery supplies

Answer 21

-Muscles of mastication(posterior and deep temporalis, masseteric, pterygoid and buccinator branches)

Question 22

Branches of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply

Answer 22

• Maxillary teeth and their PDLs
• PSA artery traverses maxillary sinus to supply maxillary molars
• In infraorbital canal, infraorbital artery gives off MSA artery(premolars) and ASA artery(anterior teeth)
• Descending palatine branch(nasal cavity then emerges through greater palatine foramen to supply mucosa of hard and soft palate and lingual gingiva)

Question 23

Pterygopalatine part of maxillary artery terminal part

Answer 23

-Ascends through incisive canal into nasal cavity