Systemic Diseases that are causing disorders which involve the salivary glands

Question 1

Benign lymphoepithelial lesions, and how they related to autoimmune salivary diseases

Answer 1

• Focal collections of lymphocytes =>
• Form follicles resembling mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
• BLL => umbrella term for these lesions commonly associated w/ autoimmune conditions

Benign lymphoepithelial lesions-BLL

Question 2

Sjögren’s syndrome

Answer 2

• Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome=>
• Dry eyes and mouth.
• Secondary Sjögren’s Syndrome=>
• Occurs w/ connective tissue disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• 44-fold increased risk of developing lymphoma

Question 3

Salivary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas

Answer 3

• Most common lymphoma affecting salivary tissue
• Parotid gland (88%), submandibular gland (3%), and minor salivary glands (9%).
• Engorged, painful parotid glands without pus

Question 4

Wegener’s granulomatosis

Answer 4

• Immunological disorder involving the salivary glands along with=>
• Nasal, pulmonary, and renal systems

Question 5

Salivary gland implications in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Answer 5

• Xerostomia and submucosal retention cysts

Question 6

Amyloidosis

Answer 6

• Non-autoimmune salivary gland disease
• Rare presentation as a salivary gland mass

Question 7

Clinical features of sarcoidosis involving the salivary glands

Answer 7

• A systemic disease of unknown etiology=> non-caseating granulomas
• General malaise, diffuse parotid gland involvement => 35% of cases

Question 8

Churg-Strauss syndrome and its impact on the salivary glands

Answer 8

• Systemic disorder characterized by allergic rhinitis, asthma
• Tx: Intermittent steroids, gland excision in severe cases

Question 9

Metabolic diseases affecting the salivary glands

Answer 9

• Endocrine and Gastrointestinal Diseases=> obesity, diabetes mellitus, acromegaly=>
• Fat directed to the parotids
• Bulimia Nervosa=> 50% of patients have parotid gland hypertrophy=>
• Response to repeated hypochloremic alkalosis
• Pt thin and glands prominent
• Cystic Fibrosis=> Mucus plugging causes chronic obstruction
• Very rare

Question 10

Miscellaneous causes of salivary gland disorders

Answer 10

• Excessive Starch Ingestion=> to diffuse gland enlargement
• Drug-Induced=> xerostomia or ptyalism

ptyalism-Hypersalivation