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Oral surgery > Clinics extraction for patient > Flashcards

Clinics extraction for patient Flashcards

1
Q

Four branches of the Maxillary nerve

A
  • -Pterygopalatine*
  • -Posterior superior alveolar (PSA)*
  • -Infraorbital*
  • -Zygomatic nerve*
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2
Q

First branch of the maxillary nerve

A

Pterygopalatine nerve

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3
Q

Where does the pterygopalatine nerve split off from

A

-Close to foramen rotundum

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4
Q

Which branch of the Pterygopalatine Nerve passes through the greater palatine foramen and what does it become?

A

Descending palatine nerve becomes Greater palatine nerve

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5
Q

Greater palatine nerve innervation

A
  • Mucosa of posterior part of hard palate
  • Palatal gingiva of posterior teeth
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6
Q

Nerves that arise posterior to the Greater palatine foramen

A

Middle and Posterior (lesser) palatine nerves enter the palate through the lesser palatine foramen to spread posteriorly to supply the tonsils and mucosa of the soft palate

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7
Q

Long branch of Pterygopalatine nerve that runs along roof of nasal cavity

A
  • Nasopalatine nerve
  • Runs along nasal septum->enters bone of palate->arises in anterior palate through incisive foramen
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8
Q

Nasopalatine nerve Innervates

A

-Soft tissue of the nasal septum and gingiva

-Palatal soft tissue lingual to the anterior teeth

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9
Q

The right and left nasopalatine nerves combined with the greater palatine nerves innervate

A

Soft tissues of entire hard palate

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10
Q

Second branch of Maxillary nerve

A

Posterior Superior Alveolar nerve (PSA) nerve

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11
Q

Before the maxillary nerve enters the infraorbital fissure and canal on the floor of the orbit it gives off

A

Posterior Superior Alveolar nerve

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12
Q

The Posterior superior alveolar nerve enters

A

-Alveolar canals on infratemporal portion of maxilla

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13
Q

-Once in maxillary bone the posterior superior alveolar nerve supplies

A

-Maxillary molars(except mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars)

  • Alveolar bone
  • PDL
  • Facial gingiva of maxillary molars
  • Mucosa of part of maxillary sinus
  • Cheek mucosa next to maxillary molars
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14
Q

Third Branch of the maxillary nerve

A

Infraorbital nerve

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15
Q

In the pterygopalatine space, a third branch of the maxillary nerve splits off and passes through

A
  • Inferior orbital fissure on floor of orbit and enters infraorbital canal
  • Becomes infraorbital nerve
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16
Q

Within the infraorbital canal the infraorbital nerve gives off two branches

A

Middle superior alveolar nerve(MSA) and Anterior superior alveolar nerve (ASA)

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17
Q

The middle superior alveolar nerve passes

A

Forward through lining of maxillary sinus

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18
Q

Branches of middle superior alveolar nerve supply

A
  • Maxillary premolars and mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar
  • Alveolar bone
  • Periodontal ligaments
  • Facial gingiva
  • In maxillary premolar region and part of maxillary sinus
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19
Q

Second branch given off by the infraorbital nerve while in the infraorbital canal

A

Anterior superior alveolar nerve

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20
Q

Anterior superior alveolar nerve supplies

A
  • Pulp
  • Supporting alveolar bone
  • Periodontal ligaments
  • Facial gingiva
  • Of maxillary anterior teeth and part of maxillary sinus
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21
Q

Infraorbital nerve exits from

A

Infraorbital foramen

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22
Q

After exiting from the infraorbital foramen, the infraorbital nerve splits into terminal branches that innervate

A
  • Skin and mucosa of side of nose(nasal nerve)
  • Skin and mucosa of lower eyelid(palpebral nerve)
  • Skin and mucosa of upper lip, facial gingiva of maxillary premolars and facial gingiva of anterior teeth(labial nerve)
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23
Q

Fourth branch of maxillary nerve

A

Zygomatic nerve

24
Q

The zygomatic nerve supplies

A

-Skin of temporal region and lower part of orbit

25
Q

Patient position for extraction of Maxillary teeth

A
  • Patient mouth at same height as dentist shoulder
  • 120 ° angle between dental chair and floor
  • Occlusal surface of maxillary teeth at 40 ° when open compared to horizontal
26
Q

Patient Chair position for extraction of mandibular teeth

A
  • 110 ° angle between chair and floor
  • Occlusal surface of mandibular teeth parallel to floor when mouth open
27
Q

Surgeon position for extraction with forceps for maxillary teeth

A

-Infront or to the side of the patient

28
Q

Surgeon position for extraction with forceps for mandibular teeth

A
  • Right posterior and anterior teeth→ behind patient
  • Left mandibular teeth→ in front of patient
29
Q

Two stages of extraction

A
  • Tooth separated from surrounding soft tissues→ Desmotome or elevator
  • Tooth extracted from socket→ forceps or elevator
30
Q

Extraction technique with forceps

A
  • Beaks of forceps at cervical line of tooth→ parallel to long axis of tooth
  • Gentle initial buccal then lingual/ palatal movements
  • Gradual increase in pressure first at buccal(bone thinner and more elastic)
  • Rotational force if roots single and conical
  • Slight traction to facilitate extraction but not used at final stage
  • Final movement → Maxilla=buccal and curved outwards and upwards

→ Mandible=Buccal direction and curved outwards and downwards

31
Q

Extraction technique of maxillary central incisor

A
  • Initial gentle labial and palatal movements
  • Increase in force first at labial
  • Rotational forces permitted due to conical root
  • Slight traction
32
Q

Extraction technique of maxillary lateral incisor

A
  • Labial and palatal movements with forceps
  • Rotational forces not permitted(thin root curved distally)→only very slight rotation at final stage with traction
33
Q

Extraction technique of maxillary canines

A
  • Labial/palatal movements with increasing pressure
  • Rotational movements not permitted due to distally curved root→ if used very slight w/ alternating buccopalatal pressure
  • Final extraction movement labial
34
Q

Extraction technique for maxillary first premolar

A
  • Initial buccal and palatal movements
  • Rotational movements not permitted→ 2 roots w/ slight curve
  • Final movement buccal
35
Q

Extraction technique of elevator

A
  • Held in dominant hand w/ index finger along blade
  • Used buccally(not lingual/palatal)
  • Concave surface contacts mesial or distal
  • Alveolar bone used as fulcrum
  • In maxillary posterior teeth- perpendicular to long axis and in rest→ perpendicular, parallel or at angle
36
Q

Post extraction care of socket

A
  • Periapical curette used at bottom of socket(removes granulation tissue preventing cyst)
  • If sharp and bony edges-ronguers forceps or bone file to smooth alveolar margin
  • Haemostasis aided by pressure on socket w/ gauze for 30-45 min
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57
Q

Post operative instructions

A
  • Do not rinse or spit for 24 hours after surgery.
  • Use ice packs on the surgical area (side of face) for the first 48 hours; apply ice 20 minutes on and 10 minutes off. (Note: Bags of frozen peas work well.)
  • For mild discomfort, take Tylenol® or ibuprofen every 3–4 hours.
  • Drink plenty of fluids. (Do not use a straw—this creates suction in the mouth that could cause complications.)
  • We suggest that you do not smoke for at least 5 days after surgery.
  • Avoid strenuous activity and do not exercise for at least 3–4 days after surgery
  • If the muscles of the jaw become stiff, the use of warm moist heat to the outside of your face over the spots that are stiff will relax these muscles.
  • After the first post-operative day, use a warm salt water rinse following meals for the first week to flush out particles of food and debris that may lodge in the surgical area. (Mix ½ teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water. Mouthwash can be added for better taste.)
  • Your diet should consist mainly of soft, easily swallowed foods and cool drinks

Oral surgery (105 decks)

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