Asepsis and Antisepsis Flashcards
1
Q
Cleaning
A
- Removal of visible contamination
- Doesn’t destroy all microorganisms
2
Q
Asepsis
A
- Avoidance of pathogenic organisms
- Prevention of contamination by using only sterile objects
3
Q
Aseptic technique
A
-No touch technique(sterile instruments and clothing)
4
Q
Antisepsis
A
- Inhibition of growth of microorganisms(solution)
- No sterility
5
Q
Antiseptic
A
-Chemical reduction of microorganisms
6
Q
Disinfection
A
- Reduces pathogenic microorganisms to acceptable level
- May not inactivate some viruses and bacterial endospores
7
Q
Disinfectant
A
-Chemical substance to kill vegetative pathogenic organisms(not spore forms or viruses)
8
Q
Sterilisation
A
-Removal or all microbial forms
9
Q
Classification of instruments and equipment in surgery
A
- Critical(penetrate mucous membrane or bone-scalpels, blades ect)
- Semi critical(contact membrane but no penetration-mouth mirrors, handpiece ect)
- Non critical(contact skin-X-ray heads, face bows)
10
Q
Mechanisms of action of soaps and detergents
A
- Coagulation of bacterial proteins
- Alter bacterial cell wall properties
- Bind sulfhydryl groups for bacterial enzyme action
- Compete with bacterial enzymes for essential substrates
11
Q
Methods of sterilisation
A
- Heat(steam/moist heat at raised pressure in autoclave, dry heat, temperature steam)
- Chemical(Ethylene oxide, formaldehyde)
- Ionizing radiation
12
Q
Dry heat sterilisation
A
- Heat from air transferred to instruments
- Dehydration and oxidation of microorganisms
- Less penetration than most heat
13
Q
Ethylene oxide gas sterilisation
A
- Alkaline and highly penetrative
- Kills bacteria, spores and viruses by alkylation(denaturation of nucleic acids of microorganisms)
- Used for products that can be damaged by high heat(plastics, optics, electricals)
14
Q
Irradiation
A
- Kills or inactivates microorganisms
- Ionising radiation(x-rays, gamma rays, high speed electrons)
Non ionising radiation(ultraviolet and infrared lights)
15
Q
Methods of disinfection
A
- Cleaning
- Heat
- Chemical agents
- Aldehydes (formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde)
- Disguanides (Chlorhexidine),
- Halogensn(hypochlorites)
