Preneoplastic lesions and tumors of the oral cavity in MFA. Frequency, Classification, etiology Flashcards

1
Q

Classifications of Premalignant findings

A
  • Precancerous lesions→ Morphologically altered tissue where cancer more likely too occur
  • Precancerous conditions→ Generalised state associated with increased risk of cancer
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2
Q

Types of precancerous lesions

A
  • Leukoplakia
  • Erythroplakia
  • Palatal keratosis
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3
Q

Types of precancerous Conditions

A
  • Lichen planus
  • Oral submucous fibrosis
  • Syphilis
  • Discoid lupus erythematous
  • Sideropenic dysphagia
  • Xeroderma pigmentosum
  • Epidermolysis bullosa
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4
Q

Histological grading of dysplasia’s

A

-Grade 1- mild→ affects lower third of epithelium w/ cytological atypia

Grade 2- Moderate→ affects middle third of epithelium

Grade 3- severe→ affects two thirds of epithelium w/ cytological atypia

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5
Q

Definition of Leukoplakia

A
  • White plaque of questionable risk
  • When other known diseases have been excluded
  • Possible dysplasia
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6
Q

Leukoplakia location

A
  • Lip vermillion
  • Buccal mucosa
  • Lateral border of tongue
  • Floor of mouth
  • Gingival mucosa
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7
Q

Types of Leukoplakias

A

Homogenous and non homogenous

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8
Q

Homogenous leukoplakia

A

Uniformly flat and thin

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9
Q

Non homogenous leukoplakias

A
  • Speckled type→ White and red
  • Nodular type→ Red and white polypoid growth
  • Verrucous type→ Wrinkled appearance
  • Erythroleukoplakia→ larger red areas than speckled type and some dysplasia

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia→ Nodular, papillary of verrucous projections and strong prediction for malignant transformation

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10
Q

Erythroleukoplakia definition

A
  • Fiery red patch that cant be characterised as another lesion
  • Highest risk of malignant transformation
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11
Q

Oral submucous fibrosis definition

A
  • Chronic disorder of upper digestive tract characterised by fibrosis of mucosa and submucosa
  • Common in populations that consume Areca nut
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12
Q

Oral submucous fibrosis clinical presentation

A
  • Burning sensation
  • Ulceration
  • Blanching or mucosa
  • Leathery mucosa
  • Difficulty w/ mouth opening and mastication
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13
Q

Effect of Area Alkaloids

A
  • Fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis
  • Reduction in collagen inhibiting collagenases
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14
Q

Oral lichen planus

A
  • Most prevalent
  • White striations or papules in bilateral areas
  • May become erythematous, ulcerative or bullous in appearance
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