Dental infections Flashcards

1
Q

Common features of dentoalveolar abscess

A

-Severe pain
-Tenderness on percussion

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2
Q

Pain in Dentoalveolar abscess caused by

A

Inflammatory mediators-> Kinins and Histamines
Increased pressure-> Fluid exudates

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3
Q

Pain can be relieved by

A

Evacuation of pus
Extraction of tooth
Removal of infected pulp

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4
Q

Spread of infection governed by

A

-Virulence of microorganisms
-Position of tooth in alveolus (relation of apices of muscle/proximity to lingual and buccal surfaces)

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5
Q

Lack of treatment of Dentoalveolar abscess leads to

A

Chronic Dentoalveolar abscess-> Granuloma

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6
Q

The granuloma has potential to

A

Stimulate epithelial cells-> cyst formation

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7
Q

Acute phase radiographically

A

Loss of lamina dura
Ill defined margins

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8
Q

Chronic abscesses/apical granuloma radiographically

A

Well circumscribed radiolucency

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9
Q

Barriers against the spread of infection

A

-Bone
-Muscle
-Fascia
-Neurovascular bundles
-Skin

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10
Q

Most common routes of spread of infection

A
  • upper lip
  • canine fossa
  • infraorbital region
  • buccal space
  • palate
  • submasseteric
  • retropharyngeal;
  • lateral pharyngeal
  • pterygomandibular space
  • infratemporal fossa
  • parotid space
  • buccinator space
  • suprahyoid region
    – submandibular space
    – submental space
    – sublingual space
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11
Q

Infection of upper lip originates from

A

upper anterior teeth

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12
Q

spreads on to the orbicularis muscle from the labial sulcus between the levator labii superioris muscle and the levator angularis oris muscle.

A

Infection of upper lip

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13
Q

Infection to canine fossa originates from

A

Maxillary canine or upper premolar teeth

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14
Q

Infection of this space can cause circumorbital infection

A

Canine fossa

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15
Q

Muscle that controls spread of infection in buccal space

A

Bucinator

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16
Q

Infection in buccal space originates from

A

Maxillary and mandibular molars

17
Q

Usually confined to cheeck

A

Buccal space infection

18
Q

Infection of buccal space may spread to

A

-Temporal space
-Submandibular space
-Masseteric space
-Skin-> Fistula formation

19
Q

Infection of palate originates from

A

-Maxillary lateral incisor
-Palatal roots of posterior teeth

20
Q

Infection of this site very painful due to tightly bound tissue

A

Palate

21
Q

Infection of this space manifests as trismus

A

Pterygomandibular space

22
Q

Source of infection of Submasseteric space

A

Lower third molar pericoronitis

23
Q

Severe trismus characteristic of this space

A

Submasseteric space due to spasm of masseter muscle

24
Q

Infection of infratemporal space from

A

Maxillary molars

25
Q

Infratemporal space infection causes

A

-Pain with mouth opening
-Dysphagia
-Difficult lateral mandibular movements

26
Q

Infratemporal space infection can spread to

A

Orbit

27
Q

infection of parotid space is from

A

-Middle ear or mastoid region
-Masseteric space -Lateral pharyngeal space

28
Q

Infection in submandibular space spreads from

A

Posterior mandibular teeth lingually below mylohyoid muscle

29
Q

Infection of submandibular space causes

A

-Pain
-Redness of skin in region
-Dysphagia

30
Q

Submental space infection arises from

A

Mandibular teeth through lingual cortex

31
Q

Swelling of submental space causes

A

-Pain
-Difficulty swallowing
-Buccal spread-> swelling of labial sulcus and over chin

32
Q

Infection in lingual space due to

A

Perforation of lingual cortex

33
Q

Infection of lingual space leads to

A

-Tongue displacement
-Compromised airway
-Dysphagia and difficult speech

34
Q

Infection of pharyngeal space originates from

A

-Mandibular molars
-Third molar pericoronal suppuration

35
Q

Infection of pharyngeal space may cause

A

-Stiffness of neck
-Swelling of lateral wall of pharynx
-Dysphagia
-Trismus

36
Q

Same clinical features as infection of lateral pharyngeal space

A

Retropharyngeal space

37
Q

Has significant risk of descending neck infection

A

Retropharyngeal space