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Oral surgery > Dental instruments > Flashcards

Dental instruments Flashcards

1
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6
Q

Instruments used for picking up sterile instruments

A

-Cheatles forceps

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7
Q

Instrument used for preparing surgical field

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  • *-Swab holder**
  • Holds swabs and cleans operating area
  • Arrest haemorrhage
  • Hold/stabilise tongue
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8
Q

Instrument used for holding drapes

A
  • *-Towel clips**
  • Hold corners of draping sheeting during operation
  • Hold tongue
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9
Q

Instruments used for incising tissues

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-Scalpel- Blades: 10(skin incision), 11 (stab incision), 12 (mucogingival procedures), 15 (intraoral surgery)

-Dissecting scissors(soft tissue destruction in deeper layers)

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10
Q

Instruments used for retracting the tissues

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  • Langenbeck’s retractor
  • Farabeuf retractor
  • Minnesota retractor
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11
Q

Instruments used for reflecting the mucoperiosteal flap

A
  • Periosteal elevators
  • Pointed end(release interdental papillae)
  • Broad end(elevating mucoperiosteal flap from bone and soft tissue retraction)
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12
Q

Haemostatic forceps

A
  • Hold blood vessels
  • Hold ends of ligatures
  • Pick up necrotic tissue
  • Pick up fragments
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13
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Types of haemostatic forceps

A

-Large, straight, medium, curved, small

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14
Q

Instruments used for holding soft tissues

A

Allis tissue holding forceps

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15
Q

Instruments used to remove pathologic tissue

A
  • Currete (Lucas)
  • Remove particles or debris from bony tissue or soft tissue tract
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16
Q

Instruments used to cut or remove bone

A
  • Roungeurs Forceps(work on bony margins)
  • Bone files(smoothen sharp bony margins)
  • Osteotome(splits rather than cuts bone)
  • Chisel(cuts bone
  • Mallet
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17
Q

Instruments used to suture the tissue

A
  • Needle holder
  • Suture cutting scissors
  • Tissue holding forceps(hold tissues during process of dissection or suturing)
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18
Q

Instruments used for extraction of teeth and root remnants

A
  • Elevator(Straight, triangular, pick types)
  • Handle
  • Shank
  • Blade
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19
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Indications for elevator use

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  • Luxate
  • Multi-rooted teeth
  • Teeth that cant be engaged by forceps
  • Fractured debris
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20
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Rules when using elevator

A
  • Adjacent teeth not used as fulcrum unless its to be extracted
  • Protect soft tissues with finger guards
  • Elevator supported with index finger
  • Work on medial side
  • Concave/flat surface of elevator faces tooth
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21
Q

Extraction forceps

A
  • Remove teeth from sockets
  • Maxillary
  • Mandibular
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22
Q

Maxillary extraction forceps

A
  • Handles and beaks straight
  • Anterior forceps and molar forceps
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23
Q

Mandibular extraction forceps

A

-Handles and beaks at right angle(easy access to mandibular teeth)

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24
Q

Instruments used for removal of bone

A
  • Bone burs
  • Round and fissure
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25
Q

Most commonly used hand in oral surgery

A

Bard-Parker no 3

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26
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Most commonly used Scalpel blade

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  • No. 15
  • Used for flaps and incisions on edentulous alveolar ridges
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27
Q

Use of Scalpel blade 12

A

-Incisions in gingival sulcus and incisions posterior to the teeth→Maxillary tuberosity area

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28
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Use of Scalpel blade 11

A

-Small incisions→ incising abscesses

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29
Q

Scalpel is blade is placed on the handle with the help of

A
  • A needle holder
  • Haemostat
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30
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Scalpel is held in a

A

Pen grasp

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31
Q

Types of Periosteal Elevators

A
  • Seldin
  • Freer
  • No. 9 Molt
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32
Q

Most commonly used Periosteal elevator

A

No. 9 Molt

  • Pointed end→ Elevates interdental papilla
  • Broad end→ Elevates mucoperiosteum from bone
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33
Q

Use of Freer elevator

A

Reflecting gingiva surrounding tooth before extraction

-Easy to use w/ thin anatomical ends

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34
Q

Elevator most suitable for holding flaps after reflecting during surgical procedure

A

Seldin Elevator

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35
Q

Most commonly used Haemostat

A

-Curved mosquito type or micro-Halsted Haemostat(small and narrow beak)

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36
Q

Use of surgical forceps

A

-Firmly grasping tissues while needle passed during suturing

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37
Q

Two types of Forceps

A
  • Long standard surgical forceps→Posterior areas
  • Small narrow Adson forceps→ Anterior areas
38
Q

Difference between surgical and anatomical forceps

A

Anatomical don’t have wedge shaped projection but parallel grooves

39
Q

Use of Anatomical forceps

A

-Aid in suturing of wound and grasping small instruments

40
Q

Instrument used to remove bone and sharp bone spicules

A

Rongeurs Forceps

41
Q

Most used Ronguer Forceps

A

Friedmann→ Blades are end and side cutting

42
Q

Instrument used to smooth bone

A

Bone file

43
Q

use of chisels(Bibeveled)

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Sectioning roots of multirooted teeth

44
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Uses of Goldman-fox, Lagrange and Metzenbaum scissors

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Soft tissue

45
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Needle holders use

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Suturing wound-intraoral placement

46
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Differences between Needle holder and Haemostat

A
  • Long beaks of Haemostat thinner and longer
  • Internal surface of needle holder beaks grooved and crosshatched(Allows firm grip)
  • Needle holder can release needle with simple pressure→ gap in locking mechanism
47
Q

Types of Scissors in Oral Surgery

A

Suture and soft tissue

48
Q

Use of Lagrange scissors with sharp blades

A

Removing excess gingival tissue

49
Q

Use of Metzenbaum scissors

A
  • Blunt nosed
  • Dissecting and undermining mucosa from underlying soft tissues
50
Q

Instruments used for fastening towels and drapes and securing surgical suction tubes

A

Towel clamps

51
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Use of retractors

A

-Retract cheeks and mucoperiosteal flap

52
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Use of tongue retractors

A

Retract tongue medially away from surgical field

53
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Use of Bite blocks and mouth props

A

-Facilitate opening of mouth for prolonged periods

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Oral surgery (106 decks)

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