47. Acute Inflammation Of Salivary Glands

Question 1

Primary characteristics of sialadenitis

Answer 1

• Painful swelling of the affected salivary gland
• Can affect large and small glands
• If large=> more extensive clinical symptoms

Question 2

Factors contributing to sialadenitis

Answer 2

• General factors=>Lower general resistance and immunity
• Local factors=>Changes in saliva secretion and tract system

Question 3

Main differences between acute and chronic sialadenitis

Answer 3

• Acute sialadenitis=> bacterial and viral infections
• Chronic sialadenitis=>secretion disturbances and immunopathologic reactions

Chronic Sialadenitis- pathogens rarely observed in microbiology, making antibiotic treatment generally ineffective

Question 4

Characteristics of Parotitis Endemica (Mumps)

Answer 4

• Paramyxovirus=> parotid gland.
• Transmissioni=>saliva
• Symptoms=>Painful, dough-like swelling of the salivary gland, fever, throat pain
• Diagnosis=>Serological testing.

Question 5

Treatment of Parotitis Endemica (Mumps)

Answer 5

• Rest, analgesics, improved oral hygiene

Question 6

Cytomegaly

Answer 6

• Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Transmission:=> infected urine, saliva, blood
• Symptoms: Intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies on cytology
• Symptomatic treatment

CMV=>part of the herpes virus family.

Question 7

Parotitis

Answer 7

• Coxsackie-A-Viruses=>
• Parotitis, gingivitis, and herpangina.
• Typically mild=>lasting about one week
• Transmission viia contact

Question 8

Common characteristics of acute bacterial sialadenitis

Answer 8

• Streptococci and Staphylococci
• Painful, circumscribed or diffuse swelling of the affected gland=>
• Purulent secretions from the duct,
• Erythematous and edematous papilla

Question 9

Treatment of acute bacterial sialadenitis

Answer 9

• Antibiotics
• Salivation-stimulating agents
• Increased fluid intake, and abscess drainage

Question 10

Characteristics of chronic bacterial sialadenitis

Answer 10

• Mostly affects parotid gland
• Secondary development=> acute purulent inflammation, stone formation, or radiotherapy complications
• Painful, recurrent swelling=>
• Decreased saliva flow

Question 11

Chronic bacterial sialadenitis treatment

Answer 11

• Same as Acute bacterial sialadenitis
• Gland removal or radiotherapy =>if recurrences occur

Question 12

Obstructive sialadenitis and its potential complications

Answer 12

• Most common form of sialadenitis=>
• Obstructions=>stones, scar tissue, or tumors
• If untreated=>gland cirrhosis=>
• Connective tissue displacement throughout the gland

Question 13

Effects of radiation on salivary glands

Answer 13

• Decreased saliva flow
• Adherence of tract walls to one another
• Strictures=>Abnormal narrowing

Question 14

Specific infections can cause sialadenitis

Answer 14

Tuberculosis and actinomycosis