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CPR > Thoracic joints and bones, muscles, lungs clinical notes > Flashcards

Thoracic joints and bones, muscles, lungs clinical notes Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the thorax?

A

Region between the neck and abdomen

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2
Q

Communication between the neck and thorax occurs at?

A

Superior thoracic aperture

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3
Q

Communication between the thorax and abdomen occurs at?

A

Inferior thoracic aperture

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4
Q

What are the typical ribs?

A

3-9

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5
Q

What are the atypical ribs?

A

1, 2, 10, 11, 12

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6
Q

What are the true ribs?

A

1-7

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7
Q

What are the false ribs?

A

8-10

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8
Q

What are the floating ribs?

A

11, 12

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9
Q

Where do most rib fractures occur?

A

Anterior to the costal angle

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10
Q

Which ribs are most likely to be fractured?

A

Middle ones

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11
Q

What are supernumerary ribs?

A

Extra ribs in either the cervical or lumbar regions

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12
Q

Do supernumerary ribs usually produce symptoms?

A

Not usually, but sometimes cervical supernumerary ribs can produce neural and circulatory problems

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13
Q

What are the 3 main joint types?

A

Synovial
Fibrous
Cartilaginous

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14
Q

What type of joint is a symphysis joint?

A

Secondary cartilaginous joint

bone, cartilage, bone

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15
Q

What type of joint is the manubriosternal joint and what is involved?

A

Symphysis

Sternal angle and 2nd costal notch

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16
Q

What type of joint is a synchondrosis?

A

Primary cartilaginous joint

bone, cartilage, bone

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17
Q

What type of joint is the xiphisternal joint?

A

Synchondrosis

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18
Q

What type of joint is the first sternocostal (rib 1 and sternum)?

A

Synchondrosis

19
Q

What type of joints are the rest of the sternocostal joints (ribs 2-7 and sternum)?

A

Synovial planar

20
Q

What types of joints are the sternocostal and costovertebral?

A

Synovial planar

21
Q

What are the 2 movements that occur at the costovertebral joint?

A
  1. Bucket handle movement

2. Pump handle movement

22
Q

The bucket handle movement of the costovertebral joint involves?

A

Elevation of the lateral most portion of the rib

23
Q

The pump handle movement of the costovertebral joint involves?

A

Elevation of the sternal end of the rib

24
Q

Dislocation of ribs refers to?

A

Dislocation at the sternocostal joint

25
Q

Separation of ribs refers to?

A

Separation at the costochondral joint

26
Q

The thoracic vertebral joints involve 2 types of joints. What are they?

A
  1. Intervertebral joint = symphysis

2. Zygapophyseal joint = planar synovial

27
Q

Insertion of a needle between ribs to obtain a fluid sample from the pleural cavity?

A

Thoracentesis

28
Q

Insertion of a _____ to remove large amounts of air/debris from the pleural cavity

A

Chest tube

29
Q

Where are chest tubes normally inserted?

A

5th or 6th intercostal space

30
Q

Insertion of a thoroscope into pleural cavity to visualize it

A

Thoroscopy

31
Q

What 2 sources can lung cancer derive from?

A

Lung tissue OR

Bronchi

32
Q

Pneumonectomy?

A

Removal of a lung

33
Q

Lobectomy?

A

Removal of a lobe of a lung

34
Q

Segmentectomy?

A

Removal of a specific bronchopulmonary segment via lung resection

35
Q

Pleuritis

A

Inflammation of the pleura

36
Q

Pleuritis does what to the lungs?

A

Makes them rough and breathing becomes difficult

37
Q

What is in the pleural cavity?

A

Lubricating fluid that reduces friction between parietal and visceral pleura

38
Q

What occurs when air enters the pleural cavity to break the surface tension between pleura layers?

A

Pulmonary collapse

39
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Entry of air into pleural cavity that causes a collapse of a lung
- Usually from penetrating would to thoracic wall

40
Q

Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity

A

Hydrothorax

41
Q

Entry of air into pleural cavity that causes a collapsed lung?

A

Pneumothorax

42
Q

Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity

A

Hemothorax

43
Q

Right or left main bronchus, which is more vertical?

A

Right

44
Q

When will a pulmonary collapse occur?

A

When air enters pleural cavity

CPR (48 decks)

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