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CPR > Body Fluid Compartments > Flashcards

Body Fluid Compartments Flashcards

1
Q

Fluid shift disturbances involve an increase or decrease in what fluid volume?

A

Extracellular Fluid Volume (ECF)

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2
Q

Volume contraction

A

DECREASE in ECF volume

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3
Q

Volume expansion

A

INCREASE in ECF volume

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4
Q

Fluid shift disturbances can involve a change in body fluid _____

A

Osmolarity

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5
Q

What is osmolarity?

A

Concentration of particles in a fluid

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6
Q

Isosmotic

A

No change in body fluid osmolarity

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7
Q

Hyperosmotic

A

Increase in body fluid osmolarity

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8
Q

Hyposmotic

A

Decrease in body fluid osmolarity

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9
Q

60-40-20 rule

A

60% of body weight is total body water
40% of body weight is ICF (intracellular fluid)
20% of body weight is ECF (extracellular fluid)

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10
Q

What makes up the Extracellular Fluid (ECF)?

A

80% Interstitial Fluid

20% Plasma

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11
Q

Interstitial fluid and Plasma make up?

A

ECF

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12
Q

All exchanges of water and other things between the ICF and external world must occur through?

A

ECF

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13
Q

What part of the ECF can you control directly that will in turn, regulate the rest of the ECF?

A

Plasma

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14
Q

These contain covalent bonds that prevent them from dissociating in water

A

Nonelectrolytes

- glucose, urea, lipids

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15
Q

Do Nonelectrolytes have electrical charges?

A

NO

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16
Q

These dissociate into ions in water

A

Electrolyes

- Na+, K+, Mg2+, Cl-

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17
Q

Nonelectrolytes or Electrolytes… which have the GREATER ability to cause a fluid shift?

A

Electrolytes

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18
Q

What electrolytes are higher in the ECF?

A

Na+
Cl-
HCO3-

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19
Q

What electrolytes are higher in the ICF?

A

K+
Phosphate ions
Proteins

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20
Q

What maintains blood pressure?

A

ECF volume

21
Q

What maintains swelling or shrinking of a cell?

A

ECF osmolarity

22
Q

What is the normal value of a cell’s NaCl concentration?

A

0.85%

23
Q

Isotonic solution has a what type of NaCl concentration?

A

= 0.85%

24
Q

When a cell is placed in an Isotonic solution, what is the net movement of water?

A

Equally in and out of the cell

25
Q

Hypertonic solution has what type of NaCl concentration?

A

Greater than 0.85%

26
Q

When a cell is placed in a Hypertonic solution, what is the net movement of water?

A

Water moves OUT of cell - cell shrinks!

27
Q

Hypotonic solution has what type of NaCl concentration?

A

Less than 0.85%

28
Q

When a cell is placed in a Hypotonic solution, what is the net movement of water?

A

Water moves INTO the cell - cell swells!

29
Q

How can you estimate the plasma osmolarity?

A

2(plasma [Na+])

30
Q

Hyponatremic Dehydration

A

Loss of Na+ is greater than the loss of fluid from ECF

- Causes shift of fluid from ECF into ICF

31
Q

Hypernatremic Dehydration

A

Loss of water is greater than the loss of Na+ from ECF

- Causes shift of fluid from ICF into ECF

32
Q

Hyperosmotic Volume Contraction

A

Loss of ECF and ICF volume

Increase in osmolarity

33
Q

With what conditions may you see Hyperosmotic Volume Contraction?

A

Diabetes, Alcoholism, Dehydration, Sweating

34
Q

Decreased ECF and ICF

Increased Osmolarity

A

Hyperosmotic Volume Contraction

35
Q

Hyposmotic Volume Contraction

A

Loss of ECF fluid
Decrease in osmolarity
Fluid moves INTO THE ICF

36
Q

With what conditions may you see Hyposmotic Volume Contraction?

A

Adrenal Insufficiency

37
Q

Decreased ECF, Osmolarity

Increased ICF

A

Hyposmotic Volume Contraction

38
Q

Hyposmotic Volume Expansion

A

Gain of ECF and ICF volume

Decrease in osmolarity

39
Q

With what conditions may you see Hyposmotic Volume Expansion?

A

Excess water drinking and Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH

40
Q

Increased ECF, ICF

Decreased Osmolarity

A

Hyposmotic Volume Expansion

41
Q

Hyperosmotic Volume Expansion

A

Gain of ECF volume

Increase in osmolarity

42
Q

With what conditions may you see Hyperosmotic Volume Expansion?

A

High NaCl intake

43
Q

Increased ECF, Decreased ICF

Increased Osmolarity

A

Hyperosmotic Volume Expansion

44
Q

Isosmotic Volume Contraction

A

Loss of ECF volume ONLY

45
Q

With what conditions may you see Isosmotic Volume Contraction?

A

Diarrhea, vomiting, hemorrhage

46
Q

Decreased ECF

A

Isosmotic Volume Contraction

47
Q

Isosmotic Volume Expansion

A

Increase of ECF volume ONLY

48
Q

With what condition may you see Isosmotic Volume Expansion?

A

Injection of Isotonic saline of NaCl

49
Q

Increased ECF

A

Isosmotic Volume Expansion

CPR (48 decks)

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