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CPR > Renal Embryology > Flashcards

Renal Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of tissue forms the Urogenital Ridge?

A

Intermediate Mesoderm

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2
Q

The Urogenital Ridge is made of intermediate mesoderm and runs on each side of the ______

A

Dorsal Aorta

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3
Q

A portion of the Urogenital Ridge forms the?

A

Nephrogenic Cord

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4
Q

The Nephrogenic Cord gives rise to what 3 portions of the primitive kidney?

A
  1. Pronephros
  2. Mesonephros
  3. Metanephros
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5
Q

When does the Pronephros appear?

A

4th week

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6
Q

The Pronephros is located in what body region?

A

Cervical region

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7
Q

The Pronephros forms?

A

Pronephric duct that extends caudally to the cloaca

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8
Q

Fate of the Pronephros?

A

Degenerates except for the Pronephric duct

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9
Q

After the Pronephros forms, what forms next?

A

Mesonephros

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10
Q

The Mesonephros includes what 2 elements?

A

Mesonephric Duct

Mesonephric Tubules

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11
Q

The Mesonephric Tubules are made of surrounding?

A

Intermediate Mesoderm

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12
Q

The Mesonephric Tubules form ___ at their medial end

A

Renal Corpuscles

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13
Q

Function of the Mesonephros?

A

Functions as interim Kidney from week 6-10

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14
Q

Fate of Mesonephros in females?

A

Regresses

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15
Q

Fate of Mesonephros in males?

A

Forms efferent ductules

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16
Q

After the Mesonephros forms, what forms next?

A

Metanephros

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17
Q

The Mesonephric duct at the Metanephros forms what caudal outgrowth?

A

Ureteric bud

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18
Q

The Nephrogenic Cord around the Metanephros forms?

A

Metanephric Blastema

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19
Q

Where is the Metanephric Blastema located?

A

At the tip of the ureteric bud

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20
Q

Where is the Ureteric Bud located?

A

A caudal outgrowth from the Mesonephric duct

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21
Q

As the ureteric bud penetrates the metanephric blastema, what is formed?

A

Hilum of the kidney

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22
Q

The ureteric bud stalk becomes?

A

Ureter

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23
Q

The cranial part of the ureteric bud branches and forms?

A

Collecting ducts
Major Calices
Minor Calices

24
Q

The collecting ducts of the ureteric bud induce the metanephric blastema to form?

A

Metanephric vesicles

25
Q

The metanephric vesicles elongate to form?

A

Metanephric Tubules

26
Q

The proximal end of the Metanephric Tubules form?

A

Glomerular capsule

27
Q

The distal end of the Metanephric Tubules form?

A

PCT, DCT and Nephron loop

28
Q

The elements formed from the ureteric bud are known as the _____ portion of the kidney

A

Collecting

29
Q

The elements formed from the metanephric blastema are known as the ____ portion of the kidney

A

Excretory

30
Q

As the Kidneys ascend into the abdomen, the hilum rotates?

A

Medially 90 degrees

31
Q

By what week are the kidneys in position?

A

9

32
Q

If the kidney has accessory renal arteries, what could they potentially obstruct?

A

Ureter

33
Q

Unilateral Renal Agenesis is suspected in who?

A

Males with 1 umbilical artery

34
Q

Is Bilateral Renal Agenesis viable?

A

No

35
Q

What causes ureter duplications?

A

Abdnormal division of the ureteric bud!

36
Q

Abnormal Incomplete division of the ureteric bud causes?

A

Divided kidney with bifed ureter

37
Q

Abnormal Complete division of the ureteric bud causes?

A

Double kidney with bifed or separate ureters

38
Q

Horseshoe kidney

A

Fusion of the inferior poles

Kidneys are inferior to IMA

39
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease involves a _______ mutation in the gene _____

A

Autosomal Recessive

PKHD1

40
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease creates cysts in 1 or both kidneys?

A

BOTH

41
Q

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease creates cysts in 1 or both kidneys?

A

1

42
Q

With Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney disease, the cysts are likely dilations of?

A

Loop of Henle

43
Q

What portion of the Urogenital sinus forms the majority of the bladder?

A

Vesical portion

44
Q

The urogenital sinus is connected to the mesonephric duct and thus the ureteric bud. The mesonephric ducts are connected to the ____ wall of the urogenital sinus

A

Posterior

45
Q

The openings of the mesonephric ducts are carried inferiorly in the bladder. What does this form?

A

Trigone

46
Q

What is attached to the superior end of the bladder?

A

Allantois

47
Q

What does the Allantois form?

A

Urachus

48
Q

What does the Urachus connect?

A

Umbilicus to the bladder

49
Q

The Urachus should become?

A

Median umbilical ligament

50
Q

Bladder epithelium

A

Endoderm

51
Q

Bladder submucosa

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

52
Q

Bladder Trigone is made of?

A

Intermediate mesoderm

53
Q

Exstrophy of bladder is more common in?

A

Males

54
Q

Exstrophy of bladder

A

Exposure of posterior wall of the bladder

55
Q

What usually causes Exstrophy of bladder?

A

Defective abdominal wall closure

CPR (48 decks)

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