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Renal Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of tissue forms the Urogenital Ridge?

A

Intermediate Mesoderm

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2
Q

The Urogenital Ridge is made of intermediate mesoderm and runs on each side of the ______

A

Dorsal Aorta

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3
Q

A portion of the Urogenital Ridge forms the?

A

Nephrogenic Cord

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4
Q

The Nephrogenic Cord gives rise to what 3 portions of the primitive kidney?

A
  1. Pronephros
  2. Mesonephros
  3. Metanephros
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5
Q

When does the Pronephros appear?

A

4th week

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6
Q

The Pronephros is located in what body region?

A

Cervical region

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7
Q

The Pronephros forms?

A

Pronephric duct that extends caudally to the cloaca

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8
Q

Fate of the Pronephros?

A

Degenerates except for the Pronephric duct

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9
Q

After the Pronephros forms, what forms next?

A

Mesonephros

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10
Q

The Mesonephros includes what 2 elements?

A

Mesonephric Duct

Mesonephric Tubules

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11
Q

The Mesonephric Tubules are made of surrounding?

A

Intermediate Mesoderm

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12
Q

The Mesonephric Tubules form ___ at their medial end

A

Renal Corpuscles

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13
Q

Function of the Mesonephros?

A

Functions as interim Kidney from week 6-10

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14
Q

Fate of Mesonephros in females?

A

Regresses

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15
Q

Fate of Mesonephros in males?

A

Forms efferent ductules

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16
Q

After the Mesonephros forms, what forms next?

A

Metanephros

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17
Q

The Mesonephric duct at the Metanephros forms what caudal outgrowth?

A

Ureteric bud

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18
Q

The Nephrogenic Cord around the Metanephros forms?

A

Metanephric Blastema

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19
Q

Where is the Metanephric Blastema located?

A

At the tip of the ureteric bud

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20
Q

Where is the Ureteric Bud located?

A

A caudal outgrowth from the Mesonephric duct

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21
Q

As the ureteric bud penetrates the metanephric blastema, what is formed?

A

Hilum of the kidney

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22
Q

The ureteric bud stalk becomes?

A

Ureter

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23
Q

The cranial part of the ureteric bud branches and forms?

A

Collecting ducts
Major Calices
Minor Calices

24
Q

The collecting ducts of the ureteric bud induce the metanephric blastema to form?

A

Metanephric vesicles

25
The metanephric vesicles elongate to form?
Metanephric Tubules
26
The proximal end of the Metanephric Tubules form?
Glomerular capsule
27
The distal end of the Metanephric Tubules form?
PCT, DCT and Nephron loop
28
The elements formed from the ureteric bud are known as the _____ portion of the kidney
Collecting
29
The elements formed from the metanephric blastema are known as the ____ portion of the kidney
Excretory
30
As the Kidneys ascend into the abdomen, the hilum rotates?
Medially 90 degrees
31
By what week are the kidneys in position?
9
32
If the kidney has accessory renal arteries, what could they potentially obstruct?
Ureter
33
Unilateral Renal Agenesis is suspected in who?
Males with 1 umbilical artery
34
Is Bilateral Renal Agenesis viable?
No
35
What causes ureter duplications?
Abdnormal division of the ureteric bud!
36
Abnormal Incomplete division of the ureteric bud causes?
Divided kidney with bifed ureter
37
Abnormal Complete division of the ureteric bud causes?
Double kidney with bifed or separate ureters
38
Horseshoe kidney
Fusion of the inferior poles | Kidneys are inferior to IMA
39
Polycystic Kidney Disease involves a _______ mutation in the gene _____
Autosomal Recessive | PKHD1
40
Polycystic Kidney Disease creates cysts in 1 or both kidneys?
BOTH
41
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease creates cysts in 1 or both kidneys?
1
42
With Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney disease, the cysts are likely dilations of?
Loop of Henle
43
What portion of the Urogenital sinus forms the majority of the bladder?
Vesical portion
44
The urogenital sinus is connected to the mesonephric duct and thus the ureteric bud. The mesonephric ducts are connected to the ____ wall of the urogenital sinus
Posterior
45
The openings of the mesonephric ducts are carried inferiorly in the bladder. What does this form?
Trigone
46
What is attached to the superior end of the bladder?
Allantois
47
What does the Allantois form?
Urachus
48
What does the Urachus connect?
Umbilicus to the bladder
49
The Urachus should become?
Median umbilical ligament
50
Bladder epithelium
Endoderm
51
Bladder submucosa
Splanchnic mesoderm
52
Bladder Trigone is made of?
Intermediate mesoderm
53
Exstrophy of bladder is more common in?
Males
54
Exstrophy of bladder
Exposure of posterior wall of the bladder
55
What usually causes Exstrophy of bladder?
Defective abdominal wall closure

CPR (48 decks)

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