Abnormalities of the Great Vessels Development Flashcards
What keep the ductus arteriosus open prior to birth?
Prostaglandins
Normally, what changes after birth cause the ductus arteriosus to close?
Changes in oxygen tension and a sudden drop in prostaglandin levels = stimulate smooth muscle contraction in the ductus arteriosus and it closes
About how long does it take for the ductus arteriosus to close after birth?
10-15 hours
Describe the blood flow with a patent ductus arteriosus
Blood traveling in the aorta may re-enter pulmonary artery due to its lower pressure «_space;systemic pressure
– Blood will be recirculated into lungs too often!
What are the symptoms of a patent ductus arteriosus?
Left ventricle hypertrophy
Pulmonary congestion
Congestive heart failure
There is an increased risk of a patent ductus arteriosus with what?
Maternal Rubella infection
Coarctation of aorta
Aortic lumen below left subclavian A. is NARROWED due to a thickened aortic wall
Coarctation of aorta is seen more often with what?
Turner’s Syndrome
What are the 2 options for coarctation of aorta?
- Preductal - above ductus arteriosus
2. Postductal - below ductus arteriosus
Preductal coarctation of aorta
- Collaterals NOT developed
- Little or no blood gets to the lower body or legs
Postductal coarctation of aorta
- Sometimes unnoticed because collaterals DO develop and collateral circulation is established through intercostal and internal thoracic arteries
What is obliterated with an aberrant right subclavian A?
AA 4
With an aberrant right subclavian A., what forms it?
Right distal dorsal aorta and 7th intersegmental A.
Symptoms of an aberrant right subclavian A.?
Difficulties swallowing and with respiration due to the right subclavian crossed behind the esophagus
Double aortic arch
Vascular ring around trachea and esophagus
