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CPR > Thick Ascending Limb/Distal Tubule Renal Transport > Flashcards

Thick Ascending Limb/Distal Tubule Renal Transport Flashcards

1
Q

Is the Thick Ascending Limb permeable to water?

A

NO

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2
Q

What electrolyte is mostly reabsorbed at the Thick Ascending Limb?

A

Mg - Magnesium

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3
Q

Where does a majority of Mg reabsorption occur?

A

Thick Ascending limb

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4
Q

The Thick Ascending Limb is also an important site for reabsorption of Na, K, Ca, and Mg. What transporter on the apical border takes up Na, K, 2Cl?

A

NKCC2

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5
Q

NKCC2 is found where?

A

Apical border of Thick Ascending limb

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6
Q

What is taken up into the cell using NKCC2?

A

Na+
K+
2Cl-

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7
Q

At the Thick Ascending limb, once Na+ is in the cell, how does it get across the basolateral membrane to be reabsorbed?

A

Na+/K+ ATPase

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8
Q

At the Thick Ascending limb, once Cl- is in the cell, how does it get across the basolateral membrane to be reabsorbed?

A

Cl- channel

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9
Q

At the Thick Ascending limb, once K+ is in the cell, what are its 2 options?

A
  1. Leave the cell through a channel at the basolateral border and be reabsorbed
  2. Back leak through a ROMK channel at the apical border and re-enter the tubule lumen
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10
Q

If K+ inside the cell is going to back leak and re - enter the tubule lumen, what transporter will it use?

A

ROMK

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11
Q

NKCC2 pumps K+ inside the cell from the tubule lumen. ROMK can take K+ from inside the cell and put it back into the tubule lumen. What builds in the tubule lumen if ROMK does this?

A

K+ = POSITIVE CHARGES

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12
Q

As ROMK pumps more K+ back into the tubule lumen, the (+) charges increase. What does this cause?

A

Mg and Ca to be repelled out of the tubule lumen!!

- They diffuse paracellularly and are reabsorbed!

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13
Q

How are Mg2+ and Ca2+ reabsorbed at the Thick Ascending Limb?

A

Via Paracellular (btwn cells) diffusion caused by repelling the build up of K+ charges inside the tubule lumen due to ROMK on the apical border!

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14
Q

This is the site of LEAST amount of solutes being reabsorbed

A

Distal Tubule

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15
Q

Where is the most important site of regulation?

A

Distal Tubule

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16
Q

What are the cell types at the distal tubule?

A
  1. Principal cells
  2. Alpha - intercalated cells
  3. Beta - intercalated cells
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17
Q

What are the hormones involved in regulation at the distal tubule?

A

Aldosterone

ADH

18
Q

What do the Principal cells at the Distal Tubule REABSORB?

A

Na+

Water

19
Q

What do the Principal cells at the Distal Tubule SECRETE?

A

K+

20
Q

What do the Alpha - Intercalated cells at the Distal Tubule REABSORB?

A

K+

HCO3-

21
Q

What do the Alpha - Intercalated cells at the Distal Tubule SECRETE?

A

H+

22
Q

What do the Beta - Intercalated cells at the Distal Tubule REABSORB?

A

H+

Cl-

23
Q

What do the Beta - Intercalated cells at the Distal Tubule SECRETE?

A

K+

HCO3-

24
Q

Through what transporter on the apical surface do Principal Cells REABSORB Na+?

A

ENaC

25
Q

What hormone acts on ENaC transporters of Prinicipal cells?

A

Aldosterone!!

Causes more Na+ reabsorption

26
Q

Where are principal cells, alpha and beta intercalated cells?

A

Distal Tubule

27
Q

What are the effects Aldosterone has on Principal cells in the Distal Tubule?

A

INCREASES ENaC transporters for Na+ reabsorption into the cell on the apical border
INCREASES Na+/K+ ATPase for Na+ reabsorption on the basolateral border
== INCREASED Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion!

28
Q

This cell in the Distal Tubule reabsorbs Na+ and water, and it secretes K+

A

Principal cells

29
Q

This cell in the Distal Tubule reabsorbs K+ and HCO3- and secretes H+

A

Alpha - intercalated cells

30
Q

This cell in the Distal Tubule reabsorbs H+ and Cl- and secretes HCO3- and K+

A

Beta - intercalated cells

31
Q

What transporter allows for alpha and beta - intercalated cells to exchange K+ and H+?

A

H - K ATPase

32
Q

At the Distal Convoluted Tubule, what transporter on the apical side takes Ca++ into the cell?

A

TRPV5

33
Q

Action of TRPV5 at the Distal Convoluted Tubule?

A

Uptakes Ca2+ into the cell

34
Q

Where is TRPV5?

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule apical border

35
Q

At the Distal Convoluted Tubule, what transporter on the apical side takes Na and Cl into the cell?

A

NCC “Thiazide Sensor”

36
Q

Action of NCC transporter at the Distal Convoluted Tubule?

A

Uptakes Na and Cl into the cell

37
Q

At the Distal Convoluted Tubule, what transporter exchanges Ca reabsorption for sodium to be pushed back into the cell on the basolateral border?

A

NCE

- Na Ca Exchanger

38
Q

Action of NCE at the Distal Convoluted Tubule?

A

Reabsorbs Ca and puts Na back into the cell

39
Q

Where is NCC?

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule apical border

40
Q

Where is NCE?

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule basolateral border

CPR (48 decks)

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