Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards
What are the main neurotransmitters used in the sympathetic system?
Ach, NE, Epi and Dopamine (DA)
What are the main neurotransmitters used in the parasympathetic system?
Ach
What are the main receptors used in the sympathetic system?
nAchR
mAchR
Alpha and Beta Adrenergic
What are the main receptors used in the parasympathetic system?
nAchR
mAchR
Transmission that involves the release of Ach
Cholinergic
Transmission that involves the release of catecholamines
Adrenergic
Catecholamines
NE (norepinephrine)
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Every pre-ganglionic fiber (sympathetic and parasymptahetic) releases ____ to a _____ receptor
Ach
nAchR
Post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers release what to what receptors?
Ach to mAchR
Post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers that release Ach to mAchr, innervate what?
Sweat glands
Post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers that release NE, release it to what receptors?
Alpha and Beta Adrenergic
Post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers that release DA, release it to what receptors?
D1 - D5
Where is a majority of the Epi released from?
Adrenal Medulla
What neurotransmitter binding to what receptor activates the release of NE and Epi from the adrenal medulla
Ach to nAchR
What does dopamine innervate?
Renal vasculature and smooth muscle
What is the cascade of cholinergic transmission steps?
Ach synthesis
Ach storage
Ach release
Ach degradation
What degrades Ach?
Acetylcholinesterase
What type of receptor is nAchR?
Ionotropic - N+/K+ channel
What type of receptor is mAchR?
Metabotropic - G protein
Ionotropic receptors are _____
Excitatory
Metabotropic receptors are ______ and _____
Excitatory and inhibitory
Which mAchR receptors used Gq/11 to signal?
M1, M3, M5
Which mAchR receptors use Gi/o to signal?
M2, M4
What is the cascade of adrenergic transmission steps?
Synthesis
Storage
Release
REUPTAKE
How are adrenergic signals terminated?
NT REUPTAKE
In order to create catecholamines in the cell, what AA enters?
Tyrosine
Describe the order of catecholamines made in the cell
Tyrosine Dopa Dopamine *Enters vesicle* NE
What transports catecholamines into vesicles?
VMAT-2
What transports NE back into the cell (reuptake)?
NET
What transports DA back into the cell (reuptake)?
DAT
In general, what receptors cause vasoconstriction?
Alpha1
In general, what receptors cause vasodilation?
Beta2
Blood vessels are innervated by _____ receptors
Adrenergic
Are blood vessels innervated by parasympathetics?
NO
What receptors will you not find in blood vessels?
nAchR
mAchR
Stimulation of the receptors on a blood vessel will cause?
Vasoconstriction
What must be intact for a blood vessel to vasodilate?
Endothelium
Describe how a blood vessel can vasodilate if Ach is released to an endothelial cell?
Ach binds to a mAchR
Activates the release of NO
NO goes to the smooth muscle cell and relaxes it
What vasodilates blood vessels?
Nitric Oxide released from endothelial cells after Ach binds
Activates a receptor
Agonists
Blocks a receptor from being activated
Antagonists
Cholinomimetic agents
Mimic Ach - agonists
Cholinoreceptor - blocking drugs
AchR antagonists
Sympathomimetic agents
Mimic catecholamines - agonists
What will Sympathomimetic agonists block?
REUPTAKE
Adrenoreceptor - blocking drugs
Alpha/beta receptor antagonists
Muscarinic receptor activation causes?
Contraction
