the production of cloned mammals Flashcards
5.19B
what is needed to clone animals?
embryo transplants
how is adult cell cloning done?
body cell is taken from sheep A
DNA extracted as a whole nucleus
egg cell taken from sheep B
nucleus removed
DNA from sheep A fused with enucleated egg cell from sheep B by an electric shock- this also stimulates the egg cell to divide by mitosis
fused cell develops into an embryo which is placed in the uterus of foster mother
lamb is a clone of sheep A
when could this technique be used- not just for cloning animals with desirable characteristics?
to save species such as the giant panda and Indian tiger that are close to extinction
when was this process done?
in 1996 to create the first clone of a mammal
what are the benefits of cloning? (endangered species)
preserve endangered species of plants and animals
what are the benefits of cloning? (quick and cheap)
quickly and cheaply produce commercial quantities of consistently high quality plants at any time of the year
what are the benefits of cloning? (high quality)
farmers can ensure consistently high quality lifestock
what are the risks of cloning? (reduced gene pool)
there are fewer different alleles in a population, leaving the population with a smaller chance of having resistance to new diseases
what are the risks of cloning? (health)
there is evidence that cloned animals are not as healthy as non-cloned animals
what are the risks of cloning? (humans may be cloned)
people worry that humans may be cloned in the future- considered unethical
early attempts may be unsuccessful- could result in children being born with severe disabilities
