components of a balanced diet

Question 1

food sources of carbohydrates?

Answer 1

bread, potatoes, rice, cereals fruit

Question 2

function of carbohydrates?

Answer 2

fuel for respiration

Question 3

food source of proteins?

Answer 3

meat, eggs, fish, quinoa, quorn

Question 4

function of proteins?

Answer 4

• growth and repair of cells and tissues
• fuel for respiration

Question 5

function of lipids?

Answer 5

• store of energy
• thermal and electrical insulation
• fuel for respiration

Question 5

food source of lipids?

Answer 5

butter, cooking oil, cream, avocados

Question 6

what is energy measured in?

Answer 6

kilojoules

Question 7

how can you measure the amount of energy in food?

Answer 7

by burning it and seeing how much heat energy is released

Question 8

function of iron?

Answer 8

forms the part of haemoglobin which binds to oxygen

Question 9

food source of iron?

Answer 9

red meat, liver and spinach

Question 10

deficiency disease of iron?

Answer 10

anaemia

Question 11

function of calcium?

Answer 11

needed to form bones and teeth

Question 12

food source of calcium?

Answer 12

milk & dairy products, fish, fresh vegetables

Question 13

deficiency disease of calcium?

Answer 13

rickets

Question 14

use of vitamin A?

Answer 14

• makes a chemical in the retina
• protects the surface of the eye

Question 15

effect of deficiency of vitamin A?

Answer 15

• night blindness
• damaged cornea

Question 16

food source of vitamin A?

Answer 16

fish liver oil, liver, butter, carrots

Question 17

use of vitamin C?

Answer 17

needed for cells and tissues to stick together

Question 18

effect of deficiency of vitamin C?

Answer 18

scurvy

Question 19

food source of vitamin C?

Answer 19

fresh fruit and vegetables

Question 20

what is the use of vitamin D?

Answer 20

needed to absorb calcium and phosphate ions from food

Question 21

effect of deficiency of vitamin D?

Answer 21

rickets- caused by weak bones

Question 22

food source of vitamin D?

Answer 22

dairy products, oily fish

Question 23

what is water used for?

Answer 23

• to transport the components of blood
• crucial for temperature regulation e.g. sweating

Question 24

what is fibre?

Answer 24

plant material that you cannot digest- mainly a the chemical of cellulose

Question 25

what does fibre do?

Answer 25

helps the movement of food through the intestine, preventing constipation and bowel cancer

Question 26

what are good sources of fibre and why?

Answer 26

• fruits and vegetables as well as grains (wheat, oats)
• they all contain cellulose