classifying organisms

Question 1

what 4 kingdoms are eukaryotic?

Answer 1

plants, animals, fungi and protoctista

Question 2

what are eukaryotes?

Answer 2

organisms whose cells contain a proper nucleus

Question 3

what type of cell wall do plants have?

Answer 3

a cellulose cell wall

Question 4

yeast are single celled or multi-celled?

Answer 4

single- celled

Question 5

what is hyphae?

Answer 5

threads of cells

Question 6

what is fungis whole structure called?

Answer 6

mycelium

Question 7

what are some examples of fungi with reproductive systems?

Answer 7

mushroom or toadstools

Question 8

how do fungi feed?

Answer 8

saprotrophic nutrition

Question 9

features of fungi’s cells?

Answer 9

• no chloroplasts
• chitin cell wall
• many nuclei per cell

Question 10

what do fungi store carbohydrates as?

Answer 10

glycogen

Question 11

protoctista are single- celled or multi-celled?

Answer 11

single- celled

Question 12

how do protoctista feed?

Answer 12

some photosynthesise, others feed on other living organisms or organic remains

Question 13

features of protoctistas cells?

Answer 13

• chloroplasts- for photosynthesis
• cell wall
• flagella for movement

Question 14

what protoctista causes malaria?

Answer 14

plasmodium

Question 15

are plants multicellular or single celled?

Answer 15

multicellular

Question 16

examples of flowering plants?

Answer 16

cereal e.g. maize

Question 17

what is an example of a herbaceous legume?

Answer 17

peas or beans

Question 18

are animals multicellular or single celled?

Answer 18

multicellular

Question 19

can fungi photosynthesise?

Answer 19

no as they dont have any chloroplasts

Question 20

what are fungi’s walls made out of?

Answer 20

chitin

Question 21

what is saprotrophic nutrition?

Answer 21

extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorption of the organic products

Question 22

how do fungi store carbohydrates as?

Answer 22

glycogen

Question 23

are bacteria single-celled or multicellular?

Answer 23

single-celled organisms

Question 24

features of bacteria cells?

Answer 24

• cell wall
• cell membrane
• cytoplasm
• plasmids
• circular chromosome of DNA

Question 25

are bacteria prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 25

prokaryotes

Question 26

what is bacterias genetic material stored as?

Answer 26

a single circular chromosome

Question 27

can bacteria photosynthesise?

Answer 27

some can

Question 28

what bacteria breaks down milk sugars and is used in yoghurt production?

Answer 28

lactobacillus

Question 29

what bacteria is one of the causes of pneumonia?

Answer 29

pneumococcus

Question 30

what shape is lactobacillus?

Answer 30

rod- shaped

Question 31

what shape is pneumococcus?

Answer 31

spherical

Question 32

what are bacteria’s cell walls made out of?

Answer 32

peptidoglycan- a complex molecule of sugars and proteins

Question 33

what is a pathogen?

Answer 33

microorganisms which cause infectious disease

Question 34

how do pathogens harm the host?

Answer 34

by releasing toxins or damaging cells

Question 35

true or false- all viruses are pathogens?

Answer 35

true

Question 36

are viruses living organisms?

Answer 36

no as they dont respire or carry out any of the normal processes taking place in living organisms

Question 37

can viruses reproduce?

Answer 37

only inside living cells

Question 38

what are viruses made up of?

Answer 38

a strand of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat

Question 39

how do viruses reproduce?

Answer 39

• they take over the ribosomes and enzymes in the cell to make new virus particles
• when many new viruses have been made, the cell dies and the viruses are released to infect new cells

Question 40

what does tobacco mosaic virus cause?

Answer 40

discolouring of the leaves of tobacco plants by preventing the formation of chloroplasts

Question 41

what virus causes the flu?

Answer 41

the influenza virus

Question 42

what virus causes AIDS?

Answer 42

HIV