The Flowering Plant

Question 1

where does growth of the flowering plant able to occur

Answer 1

only in certain regions called meristems

Question 2

meristem

Answer 2

region of active mitosis (cell division) in a plant

Question 3

where are meristems found?

Answer 3

in the root tip and shoot tip

Question 4

what are meristems responsible for?

Answer 4

growth in the length of the plant

Question 5

during plant growth, what happens to meristematic cells?

Answer 5

they divide to produce new cells

the cells elongate and then develop into different types of tissues

Question 6

bottom of young root

Answer 6

root cap

Question 7

what is the root cap made of

Answer 7

dead cells to protect the meristem

Question 8

up from root cap of young root

Answer 8

meristem

Question 9

3 ways the meristem differs from the root cap

Answer 9

divides by mitosis
smaler
small vacuole

Question 10

up from meristem of young root

Answer 10

zone of elongation

Question 11

up from zone of elongation of young root

Answer 11

zone of differentiation / root hair zone

Question 12

what is in the zone of differentiation of young root

Answer 12

vascular tissue

Question 13

4 main types of plant tissue and examples

Answer 13

dermal (epidermis)
vascular (xylem, phloem)
ground (cells inside leaf, cortex in stem)
meristematic (cells that divide in root tip and shoot tip)

Question 14

dermal tissue

Answer 14

usually a single layer of cells on the outside part of a plant

Question 15

2 functions of epidermis

Answer 15

protection

prevents loss of water if it is a cuticle

Question 16

vascular tissue in plants

Answer 16

xylem or phloem

Question 17

vascular =

Answer 17

transport

Question 18

where are xylem and phloem found?

Answer 18

in vascular bundles in all parts of a plant

Question 19

are xylem alive?

Answer 19

no they are just complex dead tissue

Question 20

what do xylem consist of?

Answer 20

vessels and tracheids

Question 21

where are xylem commonly found?

Answer 21

in flowering plants eg.buttercup

Question 22

what are vessels

Answer 22

narrow tubes made up of cells joined end-to-end

Question 23

do the vessel cells have end walls? and what does this do?

Answer 23

no, they have a continuous lumen between cells

Question 24

is there cytoplasm in vessels and why?

Answer 24

no, they are hollow for easy flow of water

Question 25

cell walls of vessels

Answer 25

made of lignin to give strength and support

Question 26

what are in the walls of vessels and why ?

Answer 26

pits in the walls allow lateral movement of water

Question 27

where are xylem tracheids found

Answer 27

in conifers such as pine trees

Question 28

what are tracheids

Answer 28

long narrow tubes made up all cells joined end to end

Question 29

walls of tracheids 2

Answer 29

lignified and with pits

Question 30

end walls in tracheids 2

Answer 30

they have end walls, there are pits in them to allow the passage of water

Question 31

2 functions of xylem

Answer 31

transport water and minerals up the plant | give strength and support to the plant (xylem forms woofd)

Question 32

phloem

Answer 32

a complex living tissue

Question 33

what does phloem consist of?

Answer 33

sieve tubes and companion cells

Question 34

what are sieve tubes?

Answer 34

long tubes made by joining sieve elements (cells) end-to end

Question 35

sieve plates 2

Answer 35

have pores, allow food to pass through

Question 36

walls of phloem

Answer 36

thin and composed of cellulose

Question 37

does a companion cell have a nucleus

Answer 37

yes

Question 38

is there cytoplasm in the phloem cell

Answer 38

cytoplasm

Question 39

function of phloem

Answer 39

transport of food from leaves to rest of plant

Question 40

3 functions of ground tissue between dermal and vascular tissue in stems and roots

Answer 40

packing support food storage

Question 41

3 functions of dermal tissue inside the leaf

Answer 41

photosynthesis diffusion of gases food storage

Question 42

5 plant organs

Answer 42

root stem leaf bud flower

Question 43

3 functions of ground tissue

Answer 43

photosynthesis support food storage

Question 44

3 features seen in the transverse section of a dicot root

Answer 44

one vascular bundle in the centre hairs no leaves or buds

Question 45

3 features seen in the transverse section of a dicot stem

Answer 45

many vascular bundles in a ring no hairs has leaves and buds

Question 46

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | what do you use to cut

Answer 46

a backed blade

Question 47

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | where and how do you cut

Answer 47

at right angles to the stem in the internode section

Question 48

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | how thin do you cut?

Answer 48

so thin that light can pass through when viewed under the microscope

Question 49

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | 1st thing you do

Answer 49

cut thin sections of a wet herbaceous stem

Question 50

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | how do you avoid cutting yourself

Answer 50

cut away from your hand

Question 51

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | once you have cut

Answer 51

cut several sections and place them in a petri dish of water

Question 52

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | making up the slides

Answer 52

using a paintbrush take the thinnest sections and place them on a microscope slide in a drop of water

Question 53

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | coverslip

Answer 53

place the coverslip at an angle and lower it slowly

Question 54

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | after you have made the slide

Answer 54

examine the sections using the microscope | draw labelled diagrams of what is seen

Question 55

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | the carrot

Answer 55

a carrot may be used to support a stem while cutting it

Question 56

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | why use fresh herbaceous green plants?

Answer 56

they are easy to cut

Question 57

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | why use young stems

Answer 57

the various tissues are easier to see in young stems

Question 58

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | why use wet stems?

Answer 58

turgid material is easier to cut thinly

Question 59

TO PREPARE AND EXAMINE A TS OF A DICOT STEM | where do you make the cuts

Answer 59

at the internode

Question 60

adaptations of xylem as vascular tissue

Answer 60

vessels are empty | vessels are open ended

Question 61

adaptations of xylem as support tissue

Answer 61

lignified walls | end walls overlap