Kingdom Plantae Flashcards
classification of flowering plants
monocotyledons and dicotyledons
cotyledon
seed leaf
how many cotyledons in the seed in monocotyledons
1
how many cotyledons in the seed in dicotyledons
2
venation in leaves in monocotyledons
parallel
venation in leaves in dicotyledons
reticulate (net-like)
2 examples of monocotyledons
onions
grass
2 examples of dicotyledons
pea, buttercup
8 parts of a flowering plant
root stem leaf bud flower seed and fruit
2 systems in a flowering plant
root system
shoot system
root system
the underground part of the plant without leaves and buds
3 functions of the root system
anchors the plant in the soil
absorbs water and minerals
some plants store food in the root eg. carrot, sugar beet
shoot system
consist of stem with leaves, buds and flowers and fruit
stem
main part of shoot system
node
region of stem where leaf an bud are attached
internide
part of stem between nodes
terminal or apical bud
bud at the tip of the stem
causes growth in length of stem and formation of leaves, buds and flowers (sometimes)
axillary or lateral bud
buds in the angle between leaf and stem that give rise to side branches and flowers
5 functions of the stem
supports the aerial parts of the plant
transports food from leaves all around plant
transports H2O and minerals up to leaves
photosynthesis in green stems
stores food
net or reticulate veins in leaves
a large midrib with smaller veins that branch to form a large network of veins. found in dicotyledons.
parallel veins in leaves
several veins of equal size parallel to each other. found in monocotyledons
5 functions of the leaf
photosynthesis transpiration exchange of gases excretion storage
transpiration
loss of water vapour
what gases are exchanged in the leaf
O2 and CO2
excretion from the leaf
CO2/O2
how are substances excreted from the leaf
by diffusion
where are substances excreted from
through the stomata
what do the leaves store
food and water
function of the flower
sexual reproduction
sexual reproduction in the flower
formation of seeds and fruit
example of a plant with a woody stem
horse-chesnut
what type of tree is the horse-chesnut?
a deciduous tree
deciduous
loses all of its leaves in the autumn
stems without leaves
twigs
terminal (apical) bud
for growth in length of the main ste
sticky scale leaves
for protection
lateral (axillary) buds
form side branches
leaf scars
marks left on stem where leaves fall off
girdle scars
left by the scale leaves of previous terminal buds, used to age the plant
woody stem
gives support
bark with cor
for protection
lenticels
openings in the outer cork layer for gas exchange
