Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology (Mona) > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what do all cell activities require?

A

energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happens in photosynthesis?

A

green plants use sunlight energy to make carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

plants that photosynthesise

A

autotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what traps sunlight?

A

chlorophyll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is needed in p?

A

co2 and water (light energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

products of p?

A

glucose and oxyegn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 roles of photosynthesis

A

plants get food directly for energy
other organisms get food by eating plants
all organisms get O2 for respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where does photosynthesis occur?

A

in any green part of the plant but mainly in the leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4 ways in which leaves are adapted for photosynthesis

A

large surface area/thin
large number of chloroplasts with chlorophyll
stomata to allow gas to diffuse in and out of the leaf
air spaces for diffusion of gases inside the leaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what part of light can be used by plants

A

visible/white light only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how could you increase photosynthesis using light

A

electric light given in green houses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 ways in which plants may get CO2

A

from plant respiration

from the atmosphere and respiration in living organisms and the combustion of fossil fuels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do plants get water

A

It is absorbed from soil by root epidermal cells and moves up via the xylem to the leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

2 stages of photosynthesis

A

light and dark stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the light stage require

A

light (light dependent stage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where does the light stage take place?

A

in the granum of the chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the dark stage not require?

A

light (non light dependent stage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the dark stage dependent on?

A

the products of the light stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where does the dark stage occur?

A

in the stroma of the chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

which bit of the chloroplast is the granum

A

the layered bits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which bit of the chloroplast is the stroma

A

the cytoplasmy bit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

products of the light stage

A

ATP and NADH

O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

role of ATP and NADH in the dark stage

A

these energy rich molecules are used in the dark stage to make glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

role of O2 in the plant

A

used in plant respiration or released from the plant and used in respiration in other organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is chlorophyll?

A

the green pigment found in chloroplasts in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what mineral is found in chlorophyll?

A

magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what absorbs white light

A

chlorophyll (and other pigments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what colours do plant pigments absorb from visible light?

A

all colours except green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what happens to green light?

A

it is reflected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what happens to the light energy absorbed?

A

energy is transferred to electrons making them high energy electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what happens to the high energy electrons

A

they are released from chlorophyll and passed along 2 pathways called cyclic and non-cyclic electron flow

33
Q

Role of water in photosynthesis

A

In the light stage, water is split into H+ ions, electrons and oxygen

34
Q

equation for when water is split into H+ ions, electrons and oxygen

A

H2O -> 2H+ +2e- + O2

35
Q

role of NADP+ in photosynthesis

A

NADP+ picks up and carries high energy electrons and hydrogen ions

36
Q

equation for when NADP+ picks up and carries high energy electrons and hydrogen ions

A

NADP+ +2e- + H+ -> NADPH

37
Q

where do the electrons and H+ ions come from that NADP+ picks up

A

electrons come from chlorophyl and the hydrogen ions come from the splitting of water in the light stage

38
Q

what happens to the electrons and H+ ions come from that NADP+ picks up during the dark stage

A

the electrons and H+ ions are released from NADPH and used to make glucose

39
Q

first thing that occurs in cyclic electron flow

A

sunlight energy is absorbed by chlorophyll

40
Q

cyclic electron flow: after sunlight energy absorbed

A

energised electrons are released from chlorophyll and picked up by an electron acceptor

41
Q

cyclic electron flow: energised electrons are released from chlorophyll and picked up by an electron acceptor

A

the electrons are then passed along a chain of electron carriers

42
Q

cyclic electron flow: what happens along the chain of electron carriers

A

energy is released from the electrons and used to make ATP

43
Q

cyclic electron flow: after energy is released from the electrons and used to make ATP

A

electrons return to the same chlorophyll

44
Q

what is different about non-cyclic electron flow?

A

electrons do not return to the same chlorophyll

45
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: first step

A

light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll

46
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: after light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll

A

energised electrons are released and picked up by an electron acceptor

47
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: after energised electrons are released and picked up by an electron acceptor

A

the electrons are then passed along a chain of electron carriers

48
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: what happens along the chain of electron carriers

A

energy is released from the electrons and used to make ATP

49
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: after energy is released from the electrons and used to make ATP

A

the electrons go on to combine with NADP+ forming NADP-

50
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: after NADP- is formed

A

H2O is split into protons (H+), electrons and oxygen gas

51
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: what happens to the protons from H2O

A

they go to a pool of protons in the chloroplast

52
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: what happens to one of the protons?

A

it combines with NADP- forming NADPH

53
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: equation form when proton combines with NADP- forming NADPH

A

NADP- + H+ -> NADPH

54
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: where do the electrons from H2O go to

A

to the chlorophyll to replace the electrons that it lost

55
Q

non-cyclic electron flow: what happens to the oxygen

A

used in plant respiration or released into the atmosphere

56
Q

dark stage: what is used to make what and how?

A

CO2 entres a cycle called the calvin cycle and is used to make glucose

57
Q

what controls the dark stage

A

enzymes

58
Q

why is it significant that the dark stage is controlled by enzymes?

A

it is affected by temperature

59
Q

2 sources of CO2

A

plant respiration

from the air (respiration of other animals/combustion)

60
Q

dark stage: what does ATP supply

A

energy

61
Q

dark stage: what does NADPH supply?

A

electrons and protons to converts into glucose

62
Q

equation for dark stage

A

CO2 + NADPH + ATP -> Cx(H2O)Y + NADP+ + ADP + P

63
Q

what is reused from the dark stage

A

NADP+ , ADP and P are reused in the light stage

64
Q

3 major environmental factors that influence the rate of photosynthesis

A

light intensity
CO2 concentration
temperature

65
Q

Elodea

A

pondweed

66
Q

why is elodea used in experiments to measure the rate of photosynthesis?

A

it gives off oxygen bubbles that can be seen and counted

67
Q

how do you measure the rate of photosynthesis

A

counting the number of bubbles of O2 released per minute

68
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: what is kept constant

A

the temperature and CO2 concentration

69
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: prepare the elodea

A

obtain a fresh shoot of Elodea and cut the stem at an angle

70
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: what do you do with the prepared Elodea

A

put it in a test tube of water containing excess sodium hydrogen carbonate

71
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: purpose of sodium hydrogen carbonate

A

to keep the CO2 constant

72
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: where does the test tube go and why?

A

in a water bath to keep the temperature constant

73
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: how far away from the light

A

a measured distance e.g. 15cm

74
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: when do you start counting and why

A

5 minutes after to allow the plant time to adjust to the light intensity

75
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: what do you count

A

the number of O2 bubbles released per minute

do it 3 times and get an average. record result

76
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: how do you vary the light intensity

A

place the plant at different distances from the lamp (allow time to adjust each time)

77
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: how do you measure the light intensity at each distance

A

using a light meter

78
Q

To investigate the influence of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis: x axis and y axis

A

x-axis: rate of photosynthesis

y-axis: light intensity

79
Q

what limits the rate of photosynthesis

A

the factor which is nearest its minimum value

Biology (Mona) (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions