Structure of the heart

Question 1

Blood enters the RA from which structures?

Answer 1

SVC,IVC, coronary sinus

Question 2

Blood passes to the RV through which structure

Answer 2

Right AV orifice

Question 3

What controls the passing of blood from RA to RV

Answer 3

Tricuspid valve

Question 4

What walls is the right atrium made up of?

Answer 4

Smooth and rough walls

Question 5

Smooth wall

Answer 5

Sinus Venarum

Question 6

Rough wall

Answer 6

Atrium proper

Question 7

What separates the smooth from the rough wall internally and externally?

Answer 7

In- crista terminalis
Ex- sulci terminalis

Question 8

Where do the venae cava drain to?

Answer 8

Smooth wall of RA

Question 9

What structures make the rough wall?

Answer 9

Pectinate muscles

Question 10

Where are the pectinate muscle also found?

Answer 10

Auricle (overlaps aorta)

Question 11

What structure separates left and right atria?

Answer 11

Interatrial septum

Question 12

A structure found on the interatrial septum and what does it develop into?

Answer 12

Fossa ovalis> foramen ovale

Question 13

Edge of the fossa ovalis

Answer 13

Limbus ovalis

Question 14

What structure is linked to the RV?

Answer 14

Pulmonary trunk, known as conus arteriosus (infundibulum)

Question 15

What makes the rough wall of RV?

Answer 15

Trabeculae carnae (irregular structures)

Question 16

What do some trabeculae carnae form?

Answer 16

Papillary muscles(projections of the RV)

Question 17

What attaches to the papillary muscles?

Answer 17

Chordae tendinae

Question 18

Chordae tendinae extend from which structure to which one?

Answer 18

Papillary muscles to cusps

Question 19

Papillary muscles divisions

Answer 19

1. Anterior(largest)
   2.Posterior
   3.Septal(small/ absent)

Question 20

Name the specialized trabeculum and what it does

Answer 20

Septomarginal trabeculum (MODERATOR BAND)

Helps the anterior papillary muscle to contract the same time as the other muscles during ventricular contraction

Question 21

Between which structures does the moderator band form?

Answer 21

Anterior papillary muscle and interventricular septum

Question 22

Function of the tricuspid valve

Answer 22

Closes the AV orifice

Question 23

What structures do valves have?

Answer 23

Cusps

Question 24

Name cusps of the tricuspid valve

Answer 24

Anterior (anterior papillary)
Posterior
Septal

Question 25

What opens into pulmonary trunk?

Answer 25

Pulmonary valve

Question 26

Free superior edge of the pulmonary valve has 2 portions, name them

Answer 26

1. Anterior and thick---nodule 2. Lateral and thin-lunula

Question 27

pulmonary trunk cusps

Answer 27

left, right, anterior

Question 28

Name the space found in pulmonary valve cusps

Answer 28

Pulmonary sinus

Question 29

Function of the pulmonary sinus

Answer 29

Prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary trunk to the RV

Question 30

Divisions of the LA

Answer 30

Anterior half=auricle Posterior half= 4 pulmonary veins

Question 31

Name the depression opposite floor of fossa ovalis

Answer 31

Valve of foramen ovale

Question 32

The portion of the left ventricle immediately below the aortic orifice made of FIBROUS tissue

Answer 32

Aortic vestibule

Question 33

Blood enters left ventricle via which structure?

Answer 33

Left AV orifice

Question 34

Compare right and left ventricles

Answer 34

Trabeculae carnae= fine in LV Papillary muscles=2 in LV

Question 35

What controls the opening from LV to aorta

Answer 35

Aortic valve

Question 36

Cusps of the aortic valve

Answer 36

left, right, posterior

Question 37

What is found between the aorta and the cusps

Answer 37

Aortic sinus (left, right, posterior)

Question 38

What originates from the aortic sinuses?

Answer 38

Left and right coronary arteries

Question 39

What happens to coronary arteries due to aortic sinuses during ventricular contraction

Answer 39

Blood is automatically pushed to the arteries

Question 40

What does the collection of dense fibrous connective tissue in a form of 4 rings form?

Answer 40

Fibrous annulus

Question 41

Explain the course of right coronary artrery

Answer 41

Lies in coronary sulcus (BTW ATRIUM & VENTRICLE)

Question 42

Branches of the right coronary artery

Answer 42

Sinu-atrial nodal Right marginal Atriventricular nodal Poster interventricular

Question 43

Structures innervated by right coronary artery

Answer 43

RA and RV Interatrial septum SA node and AV node Posteroinferior 1/3 of interventricular

Question 44

Course of the left coronary artery

Answer 44

Before the pulmonary trunk and left auricle before entering coronary sulcus

Question 45

Branches of the left coronary artery

Answer 45

Left marginal Anterior interventricular Circumflex

Question 46

Structures innervated by the left coronary artery

Answer 46

LA and LV Interventricular septum AV bundle and branches

Question 47

Cardiac veins

Answer 47

Great c.v Middle c.v Small c.v

Question 48

Great cardiac vein

Answer 48

Begins at apex of heart, runs in anterior interventricular sulcus, enters coronary sulcus and enlarges to form coronary sinus

Question 49

Where does the great cardiac vein drain into

Answer 49

right atrium

Question 50

Middle cardiac vein

Answer 50

Begins at apex of heart, runs in posterior interventricular sulcus

Question 51

Where does the middle c.v drain into

Answer 51

coronary sinus

Question 52

Small cardiac vein

Answer 52

Begins between right atrium and right ventricle

Question 53

Where does the small c.v drain into

Answer 53

Coronary sinus

Question 54

Arteries and their accompanying veins

Answer 54

A-G P-M R-S

Question 55

Which vein and artery form the coronary sinus

Answer 55

Greater cardiac vein and Anterior interventricular artery