Muscles of the thigh

Question 1

What are 2 convergence muscles that forms iliopsoas muscles

Answer 1

Psoas major muscle and Iliacus muscle

Question 2

What is fascia lata?

Answer 2

Fascia lata
 Thick connective tissue membrane around the thigh
 Anchored superiorly to bone and tissue from anterior to posterior
 Descends inferiorly and is continuous with deep fascia of the leg

Question 3

The thickening of fascia lata laterally contributes to what?

Answer 3

Iliotibial tract

Question 4

The iliotibial tract descends from where to where?

Answer 4

Descends to iliac crest tuberculum to lateral condyle of tibia

Question 5

The iliotibial tract encloses which muscle anterior?

Answer 5

Tensor fasciae latae muscle

Question 6

Name the muscle that inserts at iliotibial crest

Answer 6

Tensor fasciae latae muscles anterior
Gluteus maximus muscle from posterior

Question 7

The origin, insertion, innervation and action of tensor fasciae latae muscle

Answer 7

Origin
 Lateral aspect of the ilium
- Posterior to ASIS
Insertion
 Iliotibial tract
Action
 Stabilizes the knee joint when extended
Innervation
 Superior gluteal nerve (L4 – S1)

Question 8

Muscles of lower limbs are surrounded by?

Answer 8

Facia lata

Question 9

The muscles of lower limbs are strengthened by ?

Answer 9

Iliotibial tract laterally

Question 10

The are 3 compartments with 3 septa
name those compartment

Answer 10

Anterior( Quads)
Medial (Adductors)
Posterior (Hamstrings)

Question 11

The origin, insertion, innervation and action of biceps femoris muscle

Answer 11

Origin
Long head
– Inferomedial surface of superior surface of ischial tuberosity
Short head
– Lateral lip of linea aspera of the femur
Insertion
Lateral surface of the head of the fibular
Action
Extension and lateral rotation of the hip joint
Flexion of the knee joint
Innervation
Sciatic nerve (L4 – S3)
- Long head (Tibial division)
- Short head (Common fibular division)

Question 12

The origin, insertion, action and innervation of semitendinosus muscle

Answer 12

Origin
Inferomedial surface of the superior surface of the ischial tuberosity
- Together with the long head of the Biceps femoris muscle
Insertion
Medial surface of the proximal end of the tibia
Action
Extension of the hip joint
Flexion of the knee joint
Innervation
Tibial division of the Sciatic nerve (L4 – S3)

Question 13

The origin, insertion, action and innervation of semimembranosus muscle

Answer 13

Origin
Superolateral impression on the ischial tuberosity
Insertion
Groove and adjacent bone
- Medial and posterior surfaces of the medial condyle of the tibia
Action
Extension of the hip joint
Flexion of the knee joint
Innervation
Tibial division of the Sciatic nerve (L4 – S3)

Question 14

Which anterior rami forms scaitic nerve

Answer 14

Formed by the anterior rami of L4 – S4 spinal nerves

Question 15

The sciatic nerve is formed along which wall?

Answer 15

posterolateral pelvic wall

Question 16

Name the division of sciatic nerve

Answer 16

Common fibular and tibial divisions

Question 17

Explain the common fibular

Answer 17

• Inferior and Superior gluteal nerve
  
  • Nerve to piriformis
  • Perforating cutaneous nerve

Question 18

Explain the tibial division

Answer 18

Nerve to Quadratus femoris
- Nerve to Obturator internus
- Pudendal nerve

Question 19

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve is found under sciatic nerve true or false?

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Name the origin, insertion, action and innevertion of pectineus muscle

Answer 20

Origin
Superior pubic ramus (Pectineal line)
Insertion
Posterior aspect of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
Action
Adduction and flexion
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 21

Name the origin, insertion, action and innervation of Satorius muscle

Answer 21

Longest muscle in the body
Origin
Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion
Upper medial surface of the tibia
Action
Flexion of hip and knee joint and the lateral rotation
of the hip joint
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 22

The origin, insertion, action and innervation of rectus femoris muscle

Answer 22

Origin
Straight head – Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Reflected head – Ilium, above the acetabulum
Insertion
Superior border of the patella
- Via the quadriceps tendon
Then inserts on tibial tuberosity
- Via the patella ligament
Action
Flexion of the hip and extension of the knee
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 23

the origin, insertion, action and innervation vastus lateralis muscle

Answer 23

Origin
Lateral margin of intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
Lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
Insertion
Lateral aspect of the patella
- Via the quadriceps tendon
Then inserts on tibial tuberosity
- Via the patella ligament
Action
Flexion of the hip
Extension of the knee
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 24

the origin, insertion, action and innervation vastus medialis muscle

Answer 24

Origin
Medial margin of intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
Pectineal line and medial supraconodylar line
Insertion
Medial aspect of the patella
- Via the quadriceps tendon
Then inserts on tibial tuberosity
- Via the patella ligament
Action
Extension of the knee
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 25

The origin, insertion, action and innervated of vastus intermedius muscle

Answer 25

Origin
Upper ⅔ of the anterior and lateral surface of the femoral shaft
Insertion
Base of patella and posterior rectus femoris tendon
Quadriceps tendon (Tibial tuberosity
Action
Extension of the knee
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 26

The insertion, origin, innervation and action of gracilis muscle

Answer 26

Origin
Body of the pubis and ischiopubic ramus
Insertion
Medial surface of the proximal shaft of the tibia
Action
Adduction of the hip
Flexion of the knee
Innervation
Obturator nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 27

The origin, insertion, innervation and action of adductor longus muscle

Answer 27

Origin
External surface of the body of the pubis
Insertion
Linea aspera on middle ⅓ of femoral shaft
Action
Adduction and medial rotation of the hip
Innervation
Anterior division of the Obturator nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 28

The origin, insertion, innervation and action of adductor brevis muscle

Answer 28

Origin
External surface of body of the pubis and ischiopubic ramus
Insertion
Posterior surface of the proximal surface of the femur
Upper third of the linea aspera
Action
Adduction and medial rotation of the hip
Innervation
Obturator nerve (L2 - L4)

Question 29

The origin, insertion, innervation and action of adductor magnus muscle

Answer 29

Origin
Adductor part – Ischiopubic ramus
Hamstring part – Ischial tuberosity
Insertion
Adductor part
- Posterior surface of proximal femur and linea aspera
- Medial supracondylar line
Hamstring part
- Adductor tubercle
Action
Adductor part - Adduction at the hip joint
Hamstring part – Extension at the hip joint
Innervation
Adductor part – Obturator nerve (L2 – L4)
Hamstring part - Sciatic nerve (L4 – S3)

Question 30

Explain the borders of femoral triangle

Answer 30

Borders
Base
- Inguinal ligament
Lateral border
- Medial border of the Sartorius muscle
Medial border
- Medial border of the Adductor longus muscle

Question 31

The apex, floor and roof of femoral triangle

Answer 31

Apex
Where the muscles cross
Roof
Skin, fascia and the saphenous opening
Floor
Iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus
(Lateral to medial)

Question 32

The content of femoris triangle

Answer 32

Contents
NAVEL (Lateral to medial)
- Only the femoral artery and vein lie
within the femoral sheath

Question 33

The adductor canal extends from where

Answer 33

Adductor canal
Extends from the apex of the femoral triangle

Question 34

The borders of adductor canal

Answer 34

Borders
Anteromedial/Roof – Sartorius muscle
Posterior border – Adductor longus and magnus muscles
Lateral border – Vastus medialis muscle

Question 35

The content of adductor canal

Answer 35

Contents
Femoral artery and vein
Saphenous nerve

Question 36

Ziyakhala ziyalila

Answer 36

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