major venous system Flashcards
describe the drainage and connection of the internal jugular vein.
Drains the cerebral via the Dural venous sinus and face via a facial vein that is superficial to the submandibular gland.
the internal jugular exits the cranial via jugular foramen, related to glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory spinal nerve
external jugular vein
formed posterior to mandible, by union of auricular and retromandibular.
the retromandibular is fomered
by the maxillary vein and superfacial temporal
Passes into neck with superficial fascia and is superficial to the sternocleidomastoid.
At lower portion of neck, superior to clavicle, this vein pierces the investing layer of fascia to pass deep to clavicle and drain into subclavian vein.
Tributaries: Posterior external jugular vein, transverse cervical vein, suprascapular vein.
subclavian vein
Continuation of Axillary vein – begins at the lateral border of the first rib.
External jugular vein drains into it at base of posterior triangle of neck.
Ends by joining internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein near sternoclavicular joint.
The brachiocephalic vein
Located immediately posterior to thymus
from each side, at the junction of the internal jugular and the subclavian
The right brachiocephalic vein
begins posterior to the medial end of the clavicle, and passes vertically downward.
branches to vertebral vein, internal thoracic vein and posterior intercostal vein.
Left brachiocephalic vein
Begins posterior to medial end of the left clavicle
crosses to the right in an inferior direction to join the right brachiocephalic vein to form superior vena cava at the lower edge of the 1st costal cartilage
tributaries: left superior intercostal vein
internal thoracic vein
vertebral veins
posterior intercostal vein
The cephalic vein
passes to the triangle between the deltoid, pectoralis major and clavicle
in the superior part of this triangle it passes deep to the clavicle head of the pectoralis major.
it is a superficial vein draining the lateral and posterior part of the for arm, forearm and hand.
Basilic vein
Originates from medial side of dorsal venous network of hand.
Passes proximally upwards on the posteromedial surface of upper limb.
Passes onto anterior surface of limb inferior to the elbow.
Proximally pierces deep fascia of the arm and lies medial to brachial artery.
At the lower border of the teres major it continues as the axillary vein.
Communicates with cephalic vein via median cubital vein which crosses the roof of the cubital fossa at the elbow.
Axillary vein
Begins at lower margin of teres major as a continuation of the basilic vein.
Passes through the axilla medial to the axillary artery.
Becomes subclavian vein when vessels cross the lateral border of the first rib.
Tributaries: Brachial veins (which follow brachial artery) and cephalic veins.
The Portal vein tributaries
- RIGHT AND LEFT GARSTRIC VEINS - DRAINS THE LESSER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH AND ABDOMINAL OESOPHAGUS
- CYSTIC-VEINS -DRAINS FROM GALLBLADDER
- PARA UMBLICAL VEIN
The contetn of portal vein
the splenic vein
passes the splenorenal ligamentum with the splenic artery and tail of the of the pancreas
continuous to the right till it is posteriorly inContact with the superior mesenteric vein
tributaries
short gastric vein
left gastro-omental vein
pancreas vein and inferior mesenteric vein
The inferior mesenteric vein
Drain the large intestine, begins as the superior rectal vein that receives blood from the sigmoid vein and the left colic vein as it ascends and joins the splenic vein.
How does blood from the portal vein/portal system enter the inferior vena cava?
The blood gets into the liver to get detoxified, then via hepatic veins to the inferior vena cava.
The inferior vena cava
Returns blood from all structures below diaphragm.
Formed by union of common iliac veins which occurs at L5, just right of the midline.
Ascends through posterior abdominal region, and travels through the diaphragm at the central tendon at T8.
Related to various structures anteriorly: right common iliac artery, inferior and superior parts of duodenum, head of pancreas, liver and portal vein
