Shoulder girdle and shoulder joint Flashcards
What forms the glenohumeral joint?
It is formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus and glenoid fossa of the scapula
What is present in the glenohumeral joint that prevent friction
The hyaline cartilage
The glenoid cavity is deepened on the fibrocartilaginous disc, a name that, and the function.
Glenoid labrum, to make it shallow to prevent dislocation.
Where does the glenoid labrum attach?
it attaches in the margin of glenoid fossa.
Synovial joint have what?
Synovial fluid, joint capsule (fibrous membrane&synovial membrane) and synovial cavity
where do we find fibrous membranes in the glenohumeral joint?
attaches to the margin of the glenoid cavity.
Outer attachment glenoid labrum and long head of triceps brachii muscles tendons
the anatomical neck of the humerus
Name the ligaments of glenohumeral ligaments
Superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments
coracohumeral ligament
Transverse humeral ligament
coraco-acromial ligament
where do we find the coracohumeral ligament??
where do we find the transverse humeral?
where do we find coracoacromial ligament?
between the coracoid processes and humerus.
Coracohumeral ligament lies superiorly between the base of the coracoid process and the greater tubercle of the humerus
Between greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
Between coracoid process and acromion process
The synovial membrane protrudes to form what?
Bursae
Funtion of the bursae
Name them
To reduce friction between tendons and other structures
Subtendinous
Subacromial
Subdeltoid
The name of the consistent bursae
subtendinous bursae
Where do we find the subtendinous bursa?
between subscapularis muscles and fibrous membrane
where do we find the subacromial bursae and the subdeltoid?
Between acromion and supraspinatus muscle
- Between deltoid and supraspinatus muscles
The arterial supply for glenohumeral joint
Branches of anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Branches of suprascapular arteries
Innervation in glenohumeral joint
Posterior cord of the brachial plexus
Suprascapular, axillary and lateral pectoral nerves
what forms the shoulder girdle?
Scapula and clavicle
The shoulder girdle is linked between what?
thorax and upper limb
The origin, action, innervation and insertion of trapezius muscle
Origin
- Superior nuchal line
- External occipital protuberance
- Nuchal ligament
- Spinous processes of C7 to T12
Insertion
- Upper fibres on lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
- Middle fibres on acromion and scapula spine
- Lower fibres on tubercle of scapula spine
Action
- Scapula elevation, scapula rotation during abduction (Upper)
- Scapula retraction (Middle fibres)
- Scapula depression (Lower fibres)
Innervation
- Accessory nerve (CN XI)
The action, insertion, origin and innervation levator scapulae muscle
Origin
- Transverse processes of C1-C4
Insertion
- Superior border of the scapula
Action
- Shoulder elevation
- Assists in lateral rotation of the scapula
Innervation
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- Anterior rami of C3-C5 spinal nerves
the insertion of rhomboid minor muscle and origin
Lies deep to trapezius
Origin
- Lower end of nuchal ligament
- Spinous process of C7 – T1
Insertion
- Medial border of the scapula
- Until root of the spine of the scapula
The insertion of the rhomboid major muscle and origin
Lies deep to trapezius, inferior to the rhomboid minor
Origin
- Spinous process of T1 – T4
Insertion
- Medial border of the scapula
- Until the inferior angle of the scapula
The function and innervation of major and minor rhomboid muscles
Action
- Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
- Retracts the scapula
- Assists in elevation of the scapula
Innervation
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C4 - C5)
The function, origin, innervation and insertion of serratus anterior muscle
Origins
- Finger-like processes from ribs 1 – 8 laterally
Insertion
- Costal surface of the medial border of the scapula
Actions
- Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
- Protraction and rotation (in abduction) of the scapula
Innervation
- Long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7)
The function, origin, insertion, and innervation of subclavius muscle
Origin
- First rib and its costal cartilage
Insertion
- Inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle
Action
- Anchors and depresses the clavicle
Innervation
- Nerve to subclavius (C5 – C6)
The origin, insertion, innervation and function of pectoralis major
Lies deep to the breast
- Separated from it via the deep fascia
It has 3 origins
- Anterior border of the medial half of the clavicle
- Anterior surface of the sternum and ribs 1-7 costal cartilage
- Aponeurosis of the External oblique muscle
Insertion
- Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Action
- Adduction
- Medial rotation
- Clavicular fibres flex at the shoulder joint
Innervation
- Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
The function, origin, insertion and innervation of pectoralis minor
Origin
- Anterior surfaces and superior border of ribs 3 to 5
Insertion
- Medial border of the coracoid process of the scapula
Action
- Protracts and depresses shoulder
Innervation by the Medial pectoral nerve
The funtion, origin, insertion and inervation of latissimus doris
Origin
- Spinous processes of T7 to L5
- Posterior surface of the sacrum
- Posterior part of iliac crest
- Rib 9 - 12
Insertion
- Floor of the intertubercular sulcus
Action
- Extension
- Medial rotation
- Adduction
Innervation
- Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 – C8)
The function, origin, insertion, and innervation of deltoid muscle
Origin
- Anterior border of the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
- Inferior lip/edge of the spine of the scapula
- Lateral border of acromion
Insertion
- Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Deltoid take part from 12 degree to 90 degrees
Action
- Major abductor at the shoulder joint beyond 15°
- Anterior fibres flex and medially rotate
- Posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate
Innervation
- Axillary nerve (C5 – C6)
The function, origin, insertion, and innervation of teres major
Origin
- Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
- On the lateral border
Insertion
- Medial lip of the intertubercular groove
Action
- Medial rotation and extension
Innervation
- Lower subscapular nerve (C5 - C7)
The function, origin, insertion, and innervation of supraspinatus muscle rotator cuff
Origin
- Supraspinous fossa
Insertion
- Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Action
- Initiation of abduction
Innervation
- Suprascapular nerve (C5 – C6)
The function, origin, insertion, and innervation of infraspinatus muscle
Origin
- Infraspinous fossa
Insertion
- Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Action
- Lateral rotation
Innervation
- Suprascapular nerve (C5 – C6)
he function, origin, insertion, and innervation of teres minor muscle
Origin
- Upper 2/3 of the posterior surface of the lateral border of the scapula
Insertion
- Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Action
- Lateral rotation
Innervation
- Axillary nerve (C5-C6)
The function, origin, insertion, and innervation of subscapularis minor
Origin
- Subscapular fossa
Insertion
- Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action
- Adduction and medial rotation
Innervation
- Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C6)
