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Anatomy YBOD 200 > Muscles of the leg > Flashcards

Muscles of the leg Flashcards

1
Q

Name the compartment division of the leg

A

Anterior, posterior and lateral

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2
Q

Anterior and lateral compartments of the leg are innervated by what?

A
  • Innervated by branches of common fibular nerve
    - Lateral compartment by the Superficial fibular nerve
    - Anterior compartment by the Deep fibular nerve
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3
Q

Innervation of the posterior compartment

A

Posterior compartment innervated by the Tibial nerve

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4
Q

The innervation, origin, insertion and action of tibialis anterior muscle

A

Origin
Lateral surface of the tibia
Interosseus membrane
Insertion
Medial and inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform
Base of the first metatarsal
Action
Dorsiflexion at the ankle joint
Inversion of the foot
Supports the medial arch of the foot
Innervation
Deep fibular nerve

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5
Q

The innervation, origin, insertion and action of Extensor hallucis longus muscle

A

Origin
Middle half of the anterior surface of the shaft of the fibula
Interosseus membrane
Insertion
Dorsal surface of the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe
Action
Extension of the big toe and dorsiflexion at the ankle joint
Innervation
Deep fibular nerve

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6
Q

The innervation, origin, insertion and action of Fibularis tertius muscle

A

Origin
Distal part of the medial surface of the fibula
Insertion
Dorsomedial surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal
Action
Dorsiflexion at the ankle joint and eversion of the foot
Innervation
Deep fibular nerve

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7
Q

Explain the superior extensor retinaculum

A

Superior extensor retinaculum
- Thickening of the deep fascia of the leg
- Lies superior to the ankle joint
- Attached to anterior surface of the tibia and the fibula

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8
Q

Explain the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

Inferior extensor retinaculum
- Y-shaped
- Base attaches laterally to the calcaneus
- Crosses medially over the foot
- Arms attach to the medial malleolus and the plantar aponeurosis

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9
Q

The innervation, origin, insertion and action of Fibularis longus muscle

A

Origin
Proximal end of the lateral surface of the fibula
Insertion
Inferior surface of the distal end of the medial cuneiform
Base of the first metatarsal
Action
Eversion of the foot and plantarflexion at the ankle
Supports the lateral and transverse arches
Innervation
Superficial fibular nerve

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10
Q

The innervation, origin, insertion and action of Fibularis brevis muscle

A

Origin
Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of the shaft of the fibula
Insertion
Lateral tubercle at the base of the 5th metatarsal
Action
Eversion of the foot and plantarflexion at the ankle
Innervation
Superficial fibular nerve

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11
Q

The content of tarsal tunnel

A

Lies to posterior to medial malleolus.
From anterior to posterior (Tom, Dick and Very Nervous Harry)

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12
Q

Explain the superior fibular retinaculum and inferior fibular retinaculum.

A

Superior fibular retinaculum
- Extends between the lateral malleolus and the calcaneus
Inferior fibular retinaculum
- Attaches to the lateral surface of the calcaneus
- Then blends with the inferior extensor retinaculum

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13
Q

The innervation, origin, insertion and action of Gastrocnemius muscle

A

Origin
Medial head – Popliteal surface of the medial condyle
Lateral head – Posterolateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle
Insertion
Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Action
Plantarflexion at the ankle joint
- Lifts heel when walking
Assists in flexion of the knee
Innervation
Tibial nerve

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14
Q

The origin, insertion, action and innervation of Soleus muscle

A

Origin
Soleal line and medial border of the tibia
Posterior surfaces of the head and neck of the fibular head
Insertion
Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Action
Plantarflexion at the ankle joint
Innervation
Tibial nerve

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15
Q

Origin, insertion, action and innervation Plantaris muscle

A

Origin
Inferior surface of the lateral supracondylar line of the femur
Oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint
Insertion
Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Action
Contributes to plantarflexion at the ankle joint
Innervation by the Tibial nerve

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16
Q

The action, origin, insertion and innervation of Flexor hallucis longus muscle

A

Origin
Posterior surface of the fibula
Interosseus membrane
Insertion
Plantar surface of the distal phalanx of the big toe
Action
Flexes the big toe
Assists with plantarflexion
Supports medial longitudinal arch during walking and running
Innervation
Tibial nerve

17
Q

The origin, insertion, action and innervation of Flexor digitorum longus muscle

A

Origin
Medial side of the posterior surface of the tibia
Insertion
Plantar surface of the bases of the distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
Action
Flexion of the lateral toes during walking and running
Plantarflexion at the ankle joint
Supports the medial longitudinal arch
Innervation
Tibial nerve

18
Q

(Tom, Dick And Very Nervous Harry)

A

From posterior to anterior
T- tendon of the tibialis posterior
D- tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Tendon of the Flexor digitorum longus
- Posterior tibial artery
- Posterior tibial vein
- Tibial nerve
- Tendon of the Flexor hallucis longus

19
Q

The origin, insertion, action and innervation of Tibialis posterior muscle

A

Origin
Lateral surface of the posterior surface of the tibial shaft
Medial surface of the posterior surface of the fibular shaft
Interosseus membrane
Insertion
Tuberosity of the navicular
- Adjacent surface of the medial cuneiform
Action
Inversion of the foot
Plantarflexion at the ankle joint
Supports the medial longitudinal arch
Innervation
Tibial nerve

20
Q

The content of flexor retinaculum

A

Completes the tarsal tunnel.
- Contents lie deep to the retinaculum
Attachments
- Medial malleolus anteriorly
- Inferomedial margin of the calcaneus posteriorly

21
Q

The origin, insertion, innervation and action Popliteus muscle

A

Origin
Lateral femoral condyle
Insertion
Posterior surface of the proximal surface of the tibia
Action
Stabilizes the knee joint
Unlocks the knee for the initiation of flexion
- Laterally rotates the femur over the tibia
Pulls meniscus backwards when knee is flexed
Innervation
Tibial nerve

22
Q

Diamond-shaped fossa at the back of the knee

A

Poplietal fossa

23
Q

Borders of Popliteal fossa

A

Superolateral – Biceps femoris muscle
Inferolateral – Lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle
Superomedial – Semimembranous and -tendinosus muscles
Inferomedial – Medial head of gastrocnemius muscle

24
Q

the floor of Popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal area at the back of the knee
Joint capsule
Fascia covering the popliteus muscle

25
Q

Roof of the popliteal fossa

A

Skin, fascia and opening of the small saphenous vein

26
Q

The content of popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal artery and vein
Tibial nerve
Common fibular nerve
Lymphatic vessels and fat

Anatomy YBOD 200 (55 decks)

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