Abdominal wall and inguinal canal

Question 1

Name nine abdominal regions

Answer 1

1. Left and right hypochondrium
2. Epigastric
3. Left and right lateral/ lumbar region
4. Umbilical region
5. left and right inguinal regions
6. pubic region

Question 2

Where does the translumbical line crosses

Answer 2

Umbilicus at level of L3/L4

Question 3

Name the structures we find at the upper right quadrant

Answer 3

Liver, gallbladder, ascending colon, transverse colon

Question 4

Name the structures find at the upper left quadrant

Answer 4

Stomach, spleen, transverse colon, descending colon

Question 5

Name the structures found at the lower left quadrant

Answer 5

Descending colon
sigmoid colon

Question 6

name the structures found at the lower right quadrant

Answer 6

ascending colon, caecum, appendix

Question 7

Name the muscle that if found superficial anterior abdominal wall, and name the direction of fibers

Answer 7

External oblique muscle and the muscles are running inferomedial

Question 8

Name the muscle that lies middle in the anterior abdominal wall and the direction of fibers

Answer 8

Internal oblique muscle
superiomedially

Question 9

name the muscle that lie deep and the direction of fibers in the abdominal anterior wall

Answer 9

Transversus abdominis muscle
fibers runs transversely

Question 10

Name the ligament that is attached to ASIS and pubic tubercle

Answer 10

inguinal ligament

Question 11

The inguinal ligament attached where and where?

Answer 11

Attached to the ASIS and the pubic turbecle

Question 12

The ligament formed by the reflected medially fibers of inguinal ligament

Answer 12

lacunar ligament

Question 13

Where is the inguinal canal located?

Answer 13

Passageway between groin and abdomen

Question 14

Runs superior and parallel to which ligament?

Answer 14

inguinal ligament

Question 15

name the rings forming the inguinal canal

Answer 15

superficial and deep inguinal rings

Question 16

The anterior wall of inguinal canal is formed by what?

Answer 16

Aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

Question 17

The posterior wall of inguinal wall is formed by what?

Answer 17

Transversalis fascia
Reinforced medially by the conjoint tendons (Inguinal falx)

Question 18

what forms inguinal falx

Answer 18

transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscle

Question 19

what makes the roof of inguinal canal

Answer 19

formed by arching fibers of transversus abdominis and internal oblique

Question 20

what makes the floor of inguinal canal

Answer 20

medial half of the inguinal ligament
reinforced by the lacunar ligament medially

Question 21

Explain the deep inguinal ring

Answer 21

Found midway between the ASIS and the pubic tubercle
lies directly lateral to the inferior epigastric artery and vein
formed by opening in the transversalis fascia

Question 22

Explain the superficial inguinal rings

Answer 22

superior to the pubic tubercle
triangular opening in the aponeurosis
Of the external oblique muscle
has a medial and lateral crus surrounding contents
Apex lies superomedially and the base is at the pubic tubercle

Question 23

Name the 3 arteries found in inguinal canal

Answer 23

1. Testicular artery from the abdominal aorta
2. artery to the ductus deferens from the inferior vesical artery
3. Cremasteric artery from inferior epigastric artery

Question 24

Name the 3 nerves found in the inguinal canal

Answer 24

1. Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
2. Sympathetic and visceral afferent nerve fibers
3. Ilioinguinal nerve gives sensory innervation to the upper medial thigh, anterior skin of the scrotum and the root of the penis

Question 25

Name the other 3 structures present in the inguinal canal

Answer 25

3 other structures
Pampiniform venous plexus that will form testicular veins
Ductus deferens ascending coursing to the ejaculatory ducts
Lymphatic vessels

Question 26

Name the fascial linings (Deep to superficial)

Answer 26

3 fascial linings (Deep to superficial)
Internal spermatic fascia from the transversalis fascia
Cremasteric muscle and fascia from the internal oblique muscle and fascia
External spermatic fascia from the external oblique muscle & aponeurosis