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Anatomy YBOD 200 > Histology of the female reproductive system. > Flashcards

Histology of the female reproductive system. Flashcards

1
Q

The female reproductive system consist :

A

internal reproductive organs - uterus, vagina and ovaries

External genetalia- labia majora and minor, clitoris.

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2
Q

Function of the female reproductive system?

A

PREP
1.production of gametes- oogenesis
2. Provision of a suitable environment for fertilization and fetus development.
3. reception of male gametes
4.Explusion of deloped fetus.

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3
Q

ovaries are produced by which process..

A

oogenesis

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4
Q

Body of the ovaries consist of what ?

A

> ovarian stroma
that resembles fibroblast and the peripheral zone of this stroma contains follices.

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5
Q

Body of the ovaries consist of what ?

A

> stroma
that resembles fibroblast and the peripheral zone of this stroma contains follices

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6
Q

Name the surface covering of ovaries?

A

Germinal epithelium.

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7
Q

Define germinal epithelium

A

single layer of cuboidal mesothelial cells

continuous with mesothelial lining of the peritoneal cavity.

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8
Q

Ovaries are Divided into 3 parts

A

Cortex
tunica albuginea
medulla

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9
Q

what does the cortex of the ovaries consist of :

A

corpus luteuma and corpus albicans
numerous follicles..

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10
Q

Tunica Albuginea consists of :

A

superficial cortex

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11
Q

Medulla of the ovaries consists of :

A

central zone and is highly vascular

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12
Q

Primary follicle

A

> consist of a primary oocyte
consist of a prominent nucleolus
a single surrounding layer of follicular cells

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13
Q

When follicular cells divide by mitosis they multiply and become what

A

cuboidal cells known a granulosa cells

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14
Q

Zona pellucida

A

layer that develops between the granulosa and the oocytes.

Thick homogenous layer of glycoprotein and acid proteoglycans

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15
Q

Secondary follicle

A

Situated deeper in the ovarian cortex
Zona granulosa continues to proliferate

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16
Q

as granulosa cells proliferate there
there are fluid filled spaces developing wich combine to form what?

A

follicular antrum.

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17
Q

In Mature oocytes

A

Contains secondary oocyte
Follicular antrum enlarges
Zona granulosa forms an even layer around the periphery
Cumulus oophorus dimishes
Oocyte now surrounded by corona radiata

18
Q

Corona radiata

A

is attached to granulosa by ridges of cells

19
Q

At ovulation:

A

Mature follicle ruptures
Ovum expelled into peritoneal cavity
Ovum comprises of the secondary oocyte, zona pellucida and corona radiata

20
Q

After Ovalution

A

Ruptured follicle collapses and fills with a blood clot - forming the corpus luteum

21
Q

IN corpus luteum the granulosa cells acquire characteristics of steroids secreting cells therefore now are know as ?

A

granulosa lutein cells

22
Q

IN corpus luteum the granulosa cells acquire characteristics of steroids secreting cells therefore now are know as ?

A

granulosa lutein cells

23
Q

Corpus luteum of menstruation

A

Regresses 12 to 14 days after ovulation

24
Q

Corpus luteum of pregnancy

A

Regresses after 9th week of pregnancy
Prior to regression, enlarges greatly to occupy most of the ovary.

25
Q

Basic structure of Uterine tube

A

> inner mucosal lining
wall of smooth muscle
outer layer of loose supporting tissue.

26
Q

Corpus luteum of menstruation

A

Regresses 12 to 14 days after ovulation

27
Q

The basic structure of uterine tubes

A

> inner mucosal lining
wall of smooth muscle
outer layer of loose supporting tissue

28
Q

Inner mucosal lining of uterine tubes

A

forms a labyrinth of branching longitudinal folds.

most prominent in the ampulla

29
Q

Mucosal folds

A

Branching core of vascular supporting tissue.

single layer columnar epithelial cells. ( ciliated cells, non-ciliated secretory cells and intercalated cells.

30
Q

Name 3 layer of uterus body

A

perimetrium-thin external layer

myometrium- thick smooth layer

endometrium-thin internal layer

31
Q

The layer s of the uterus undergoes cyclical changes to offer a suitable environment for implantation name those phases?

A

Menstruation
proliferation
secretion

32
Q

Endometrium has 3 layers that are histologically and functionally distinct

A

> Stratum Basalis
Deepest layer
Adjacent to myometrium
Has numerous endometrial glands
Undergoes little cyclical change
Not shed during the menstruation phase

Stratum spongiosum
Broad intermediate layer

Stratum compactum
Thinner superficial layer

33
Q

which layers makes up the stratum functionalis ?

A

stratum spongiosum and stratum compactum.

34
Q

Stratum functionalis - Stratum spongiosum + Stratum compactum

A

shed of during menstruation

experience dramatic cyclical changes.

numerous endometrial glands

35
Q

menstruation

A

Only occurs if no ovum fertilisation/implantation occurs
Phase of endometrial (stratum functionalis) shedding
Endometrial glands collapse

36
Q

Proliferation.

A

Phase of endometrial proliferation
Endometrium becomes thicker and richly vascularized
Simple tubular glands elongate to form coiled glands towards the later part of the phase

37
Q

secrection

A

Coiled appearance of glands is more pronounced
Endometrial glands produces a copious, thick, glycogen-rich secretion
Late phase characterized by saw-tooth appearance of glands

38
Q

Endometruim Epithelium

A

Tall and columnar
Some cells have cilia
Remainder have microvilli
Regenerates after menstruation
Proliferation phase: cells acquire cilia, microvilli and organelles needed for secretion phase

39
Q

Endometrium Epithelium surrounds what structure ?

A

endocervical canal

which connects uterine cavity to the vagina and lined by a single layer of tall mucus -secreting columnar epithelial cells.

40
Q

Endocervical canal

A

is lined by tick stratified squamous epithelium.

protrudes into superior aspect of vagina.

Abrupt junction between ecto- and endocervical epithelial linings

Anatomy YBOD 200 (55 decks)

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