Gluteal Region Flashcards
The sacral plexus made up of which spinal nerve?
SI-S4
The lumbosacral plexus made up of which spinal nerve?
L4-L5 and S1-S4
The sacral plexus is anterior to which muscle?
Piriformis muscle
The sacral plexus have two fibers name those fibers.
Moto and parasympathetic fibres
Most branches of sacral plexus exits plexus via what?
Greater sciatic foramen
List the sacral plexus branches and their roots.
Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
Superior (L4-S1) and inferior gluteal (L5-S2) nerve
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
Nerves to Obturator internus (L5-S2)
Nerves to Quadratus femoris (L4-S1)
Posterior femoral cutaneous (S2-S3)
The origin, insertion, action and innervation of gluteus maximus muscles
Ligament at which gluetal maximus originates
Origin: Dorsal surface of sacrum
lateral margin of coccyx
Facia of glutes medius and erector spinae
Sacrotuberous ligament
Behind posterior gluteal line
Inserts at posterior aspect of the iliotibial tract
Gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur
Action: Abduction
lateral rotation
Hip extension
lateral Stabilization at hip and knee joint
Innervated by inferior gluteal nerve L5-S2
sacrotuberous ligament
The origin, insertion, innervation and insertion of Gluteus medius muscle
Origin: external surface of ilium
between posterior and anterior gluteal line
Insertion: lateral surface of greater trochanter
Action: medial rotation and abduction
Innervation: Superior gluteal line L4-S1
The origin, insertion, action and innervation Gluteus minimus muscle
Deep to gluteus medius
Origin
External surface of the ilium
- Between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion
Anterolateral surface of greater trochanter
Action
Abduction and medial rotation
Maintain horizontal pelvic plane
Innervation
Superior gluteal nerve (L4 – S1)
- Trendelenburg’s gait
What is Trendelenburg gait
Trendelenburg gait is an abnormal movement pattern caused by weakness of the abductor muscles of your lower limbs and both your gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. With Trendelenburg gait, your body doesn’t have the ability to maintain the necessary center of gravity on your standing leg.
The hip lateral rotators are inferior to which muscle ad are covered by which muscles
They are inferior to the Gluteus medius muscle
Covered by gluteus maximus
The hip lateral rotators pass posterior to which joint
Hip joint
The hip lateral rotators are innervated by which plexus
Sacral plexus
The origin, insertion, innervation and action of piriformis muscle
Origin
Anterior surface of the sacrum
Insertion
Through greater sciatic foramen
- Superomedial surface of greater trochanter
Action
Lateral rotation
Innervation
Nerve to Piriformis (Anterior rami of S1 – S2)
The origin and insertion of Obturator internus muscle
Origin: Medial aspect of the anterolateral wall
Obturator membrane and surrounding bones
insertion: Through lesser sciatic foremen
Upper medial aspect of the greater trochanter
