Nose and Nasal cavity Flashcards
Regions of the nasal cavity
Nasal vestibule
olfactory
respiratory region
The nasal vestibule
lined by skin
had hair follicle
small dilated space
The nasal vestibule
lined by skin
had hair follicle
small dilated space
Respiratory region
largest of the nasal cavity
rich in Neurovascular supply
Lined by respiratory epithelium
Olfactory region
Found on the Apex of the respiratory region on either side of nasal cavity
Olfactory region
Found on the Apex of the respiratory region on either side of nasal cavity
small
lined by olfactory epithelium
sense of smell(olfactory epithelium)
What is centrally formed by the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone.
The roof of the nasal cavity
The anterior and posterior plates of the roof
Anterior to plate:
the Roof slopes inferior to the nostrils
formed by the nasal bone, frontal bone, alar cartilage and lateral processes septal cartilages.
posterior plate: roof slopes inferior to choana
formed by the vomer, sphenoid and palatine bone.
opening btwen the sphenoidal and spheno-ethomoidal recess
The floor of the nasal cavity
comprised of:
soft tissues of external nose
palatine process of maxilla
horizontal plane of the palatine bone
all form the hard palate
smooth and concave
wider than roof
The lateral wall of nasal cavity
Ethmoid bone: Superior nasal concha, middle nasal concha and uncinate process
Perpendicular plate of palatine bone
Medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Medial surfaces of lacrimal and maxillary bones
Inferior nasal concha
4 Divisions of Conchae of nasal cavity:
- Spheno-ethomoidal recess
- superior nasal meaters
- middle nasal meaters
- inferior nasal meaters
THE Ethmoidal bulla
Dome shaped
inferior to middle nasal concha
just anterior to midpoint of middle nasal concha
on the lateral wall od the middle nasal meaters
formed by ethomoidal cells
inferior to ethmoidal bulla and its anterior ends form ethmoidal.
Semilunar hiatus
Structures opening onto the lateral nasal wall? name ?
Frontal sinuses
ethmoidal recess
Maxillary sinuses
nasalacrimal duct: inferior nasal meaters
Nasolacrimal duct
found in the inferior nasal meaters
it a tube like that drains tears from the eye
connected to the eye
Blood supply of the nasal cavity
arise branches from the both internal and externall carotid artery.
Arteries originating from branches of external carotid artery:
Sphenopalatine artery
- Greater palatine artery
- Superior labial artery
- Lateral nasal artery
Arteries originating from branches of internal carotid artery:
Anterior ethmoidal artery
- Posterior ethmoidal artery
Sphenopalatine artery
largest vessel supplying the nasal cavity
and ethers via sphenopalatine foramen.
The posterior lateral nasal branches
1.Posterior lateral nasal branches:
Supply large part of lateral nasal wall
Anastomose anteriorly with branches from anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries, and lateral nasal arteries
- Posterior septal branches:
Contribute to blood supply of medial nasal wall
One latter branch continues forward to anastomose with terminal end of greater palatine artery and septal branches of superior labial artery
Greater Palatine Artery
Branch of maxillary artery
Terminal end enters nasal floor via incisive canal
Supplies anterior regions of medial nasal wall and adjacent nasal floor
Anastomoses with posterior septal branch of sphenopalatine artery
Superior Labial Artery
branches from the facial artery
near the lateral end of the oral fissure
Alar branch supplies region around lateral aspect of nares
Septal branch passes into nasal cavity and supplies anterior regions of nasal septum
The lateral nasal artery
branches from facial artery
contribute to blood supply of external nose
alar branches passes around lateral margin of nostrils and supply the vestibules.
Ethmoidal Arteries
anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery are from ophthalmic artery
supply tye lateral nasal wall and medial nasal wall
which artery supplies the skin and adjacent tissues of the external nose,
anterior ethmoidal artery
the innervation of Olfactory region
Olfaction:
- Olfactory nerve
General sensation:
- Branches of ophthalmic and maxillary nerves—from the trigeminal nerve
Secretomotor (mucous glands):
- Parasympathetic fibers from facial nerve.
innervation of anterior ethmoidal artery
Anterior ethmoidal nerve
Branch of ophthalmic nerve (nasociliary branch)
Accompanies anterior ethmoidal artery
Gives branches to medial and lateral nasal walls
Then continues forward and terminates as external nasal nerve which supplies skin around nares, in nasal vestibule, and on tip of nose
The four paired sinuses
The ethmoidal cells
frontal sinuses
maxillary sinuses
sphenoidal sinuses
The frontal sinuses
Drains onto lateral wall of middle nasal meatus
- Via frontonasal duct (continues as ethmoidal
infundibulum)
Innervation:
- Supra-orbital nerve (branch of ophthalmic nerve)
Blood supply:
- Anterior ethmoidal artery
The ethmoidal Cells
- Anterior ethmoidal cells: ethmoidal infundibulum
or frontonasal duct- Middle ethmoidal cells: ethmoidal bulla or lateral
nasal wall, just above bulla - Posterior ethmoidal cells: lateral wall of
superior nasal meatus
- Middle ethmoidal cells: ethmoidal bulla or lateral
Often erode into other bones
- Their walls may be completed by frontal,
maxillary, lacrimal, sphenoid and palatine bones
Sphenoidal Sinuses
Drainage:
- Open into spheno-ethmoidal recess
- Via apertures high on anterior wall of sinus
Innervation:
- Posterior ethmoidal nerve (branch of ophthalmic nerve)
- Maxillary nerve (via orbital branches of
pterygopalatine ganglion)
Blood supply:
- Branches of pharyngeal arteries from maxillary arteries
which bones are found in the lateral wall of nasal cavity:
A. maxilla
B. Ethmoid
C. Inferior nasal chonca
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
D
