stress, inflammatory response, chronic disability (exam 1) Flashcards
what are physical stressors?
hot, cold, chemicals, frostbite/heatstroke
what are the physiologic stressors?
pain and fatigue
what are the psychosocial stressors
anxiety and fear
what are maladaptive responses to stress?
eat/drink with stress
chronic recurrent responses
threaten goals
substance abuse
type a behavior
denial/avoid/distance
example of time-related stress
waking up for work
example of infrequent enduring
spouse/family dies, permanent disability
example of major complex stress
Ukraine war, pandemic
coping is ________
comprehending
appraisal is _____
assessing
what does seyle’s theory of adaptation consist of?
-general adaptation syndrome
-local adaptation system
what is general adaptation syndrome?
1) alarm phase - fight/flight w/ catecholamines
2) resistance phase - adapting to the stressor. increased cortisol and glycogen
3) exhaustion phase - prolonged exposure to stress. increased endocrine w/ obesity and diabetes
what is local adaptation syndrome?
inflammatory process. topical injury, can turn into general adaptation
what are some indicators of stress?
-grind teeth
-menstrual changes
-appetite change
-concentration difficulty
-HA
-loss of interest
hypertrophy = ???
making cells
hyperplasia = ?????
too many cells
dysplasia = ????
abnormally shaped cells
acute stress _____ WBCs, which chronic stress _____ WBCs
increases, decreases
medical or health problem associated with symptoms. requires management and is non-communicable
chronic disease
experience of person living with chronic disease, their perception of it
chronic illness
traumatic brain injury or stroke, was a normal intellectual before
cognitive disability
difficulty in one or more domain. can be cognitive, physical, or both before the age of 22
developmental disability
restriction or lack of ability to perform regular activity (bathe, dress, communication)
disability
occurs before age 18. intellect and functioning differ
intellectual disability
difficult to function, one leads to another, try to prevent these
multiple chronic conditions
condition resulting from a different one (ex. HF -> kidney failure)
secondary conditions or disorders
impairment of the senses
sensory diability
inability to perform 1 or more activities, uses an assistive device, needs help from others to accomplish basic activities
severe disability
umbrella term for impairments, activity limitation, participation restriction, and environmental factors
WHO definition of disability
1) physical or mental impairment that limits one or more major life activities
2) has record of impairment
3) regarded as having an impairment
US definition of disability
what are types of disabilities?
cognitive, developmental, intellectual, sensory, psychiatric
what is the significance of the interface model?
it aligns with nursing trying to empower the patient
what are models of disabilities
medical model, rehabilitation model, social model, biophysical model, functional model, interface model
what act protects people from discrimination?
rehabilitation act of 1973
what act mandates access to jobs and community for the disabled
the ADA of 1990
what act defines disability to encompass impairments that limit major life activity
ADA amendments act 2008
what is a structural barrier to health care
no wheelchair ramp access
what is federal health insurance for 65 and older or permanent kidney injury, or qualifying conditions
medicare
what pays benefits to those who meet medical criteria
title II of the social security disability insurance
what provides supplemental security income to disabled people with limited income and resources
title XVI
what is health insurance funded by the state and federal government
medicaid
what are risks for multiple chronic conditions
obesity, smoking, diabetes
what is when you have a higher risk for disease based on factors like gender, family, and ethnicity
health disparity
___ in 10 adults have chronic disease
6
hoe often is chronic disease experienced
at least 3 months out of the year
what are the 2 veterans cinsiderations
-gulf war illness (GWI)
-chronic multisystem illness (CMI)
the cost of healthcare is ___-___x higher for the elderly
3-5
