stress, inflammatory response, chronic disability (exam 1)

Question 1

what are physical stressors?

Answer 1

hot, cold, chemicals, frostbite/heatstroke

Question 2

what are the physiologic stressors?

Answer 2

pain and fatigue

Question 3

what are the psychosocial stressors

Answer 3

anxiety and fear

Question 4

what are maladaptive responses to stress?

Answer 4

eat/drink with stress
chronic recurrent responses
threaten goals
substance abuse
type a behavior
denial/avoid/distance

Question 5

example of time-related stress

Answer 5

waking up for work

Question 6

example of infrequent enduring

Answer 6

spouse/family dies, permanent disability

Question 7

example of major complex stress

Answer 7

Ukraine war, pandemic

Question 8

coping is ________

Answer 8

comprehending

Question 9

appraisal is _____

Answer 9

assessing

Question 10

what does seyle’s theory of adaptation consist of?

Answer 10

-general adaptation syndrome
-local adaptation system

Question 11

what is general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 11

1) alarm phase - fight/flight w/ catecholamines
2) resistance phase - adapting to the stressor. increased cortisol and glycogen
3) exhaustion phase - prolonged exposure to stress. increased endocrine w/ obesity and diabetes

Question 12

what is local adaptation syndrome?

Answer 12

inflammatory process. topical injury, can turn into general adaptation

Question 13

what are some indicators of stress?

Answer 13

-grind teeth
-menstrual changes
-appetite change
-concentration difficulty
-HA
-loss of interest

Question 14

hypertrophy = ???

Answer 14

making cells

Question 15

hyperplasia = ?????

Answer 15

too many cells

Question 16

dysplasia = ????

Answer 16

abnormally shaped cells

Question 17

acute stress _____ WBCs, which chronic stress _____ WBCs

Answer 17

increases, decreases

Question 18

medical or health problem associated with symptoms. requires management and is non-communicable

Answer 18

chronic disease

Question 19

experience of person living with chronic disease, their perception of it

Answer 19

chronic illness

Question 20

traumatic brain injury or stroke, was a normal intellectual before

Answer 20

cognitive disability

Question 21

difficulty in one or more domain. can be cognitive, physical, or both before the age of 22

Answer 21

developmental disability

Question 22

restriction or lack of ability to perform regular activity (bathe, dress, communication)

Answer 22

disability

Question 23

occurs before age 18. intellect and functioning differ

Answer 23

intellectual disability

Question 24

difficult to function, one leads to another, try to prevent these

Answer 24

multiple chronic conditions

Question 25

condition resulting from a different one (ex. HF -> kidney failure)

Answer 25

secondary conditions or disorders

Question 26

impairment of the senses

Answer 26

sensory diability

Question 27

inability to perform 1 or more activities, uses an assistive device, needs help from others to accomplish basic activities

Answer 27

severe disability

Question 28

umbrella term for impairments, activity limitation, participation restriction, and environmental factors

Answer 28

WHO definition of disability

Question 29

1) physical or mental impairment that limits one or more major life activities 2) has record of impairment 3) regarded as having an impairment

Answer 29

US definition of disability

Question 30

what are types of disabilities?

Answer 30

cognitive, developmental, intellectual, sensory, psychiatric

Question 31

what is the significance of the interface model?

Answer 31

it aligns with nursing trying to empower the patient

Question 32

what are models of disabilities

Answer 32

medical model, rehabilitation model, social model, biophysical model, functional model, interface model

Question 33

what act protects people from discrimination?

Answer 33

rehabilitation act of 1973

Question 34

what act mandates access to jobs and community for the disabled

Answer 34

the ADA of 1990

Question 35

what act defines disability to encompass impairments that limit major life activity

Answer 35

ADA amendments act 2008

Question 36

what is a structural barrier to health care

Answer 36

no wheelchair ramp access

Question 37

what is federal health insurance for 65 and older or permanent kidney injury, or qualifying conditions

Answer 37

medicare

Question 38

what pays benefits to those who meet medical criteria

Answer 38

title II of the social security disability insurance

Question 39

what provides supplemental security income to disabled people with limited income and resources

Answer 39

title XVI

Question 40

what is health insurance funded by the state and federal government

Answer 40

medicaid

Question 41

what are risks for multiple chronic conditions

Answer 41

obesity, smoking, diabetes

Question 42

what is when you have a higher risk for disease based on factors like gender, family, and ethnicity

Answer 42

health disparity

Question 43

___ in 10 adults have chronic disease

Answer 43

6

Question 44

hoe often is chronic disease experienced

Answer 44

at least 3 months out of the year

Question 45

what are the 2 veterans cinsiderations

Answer 45

-gulf war illness (GWI) -chronic multisystem illness (CMI)

Question 46

the cost of healthcare is ___-___x higher for the elderly

Answer 46

3-5