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Adults > chronic pulmonary diseases (exam 1) > Flashcards

chronic pulmonary diseases (exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

preventable/treatable disease characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible (slow progressive)

A

COPD

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2
Q

COPD is a combo of chronic _____, ______, and ______

A

bronchitis, emphysema, astha

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3
Q

risks of COPD

A

-smoking/tobacco
-2nd hand smoke
-age
-occupation

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4
Q

complications of COPD

A

-hypoxia
-resp acidosis
-infection
-airway narrowing
-R HF
-dysrhythmias
-decreased life quality / death

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5
Q

3 primary sx of COPD

A

-chronic cough
-sputum
-dyspnea

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6
Q

emphysema involves weight ____, while bronchitis involves weight _____

A

loss, gain

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7
Q

which is the big blue bloater

A

chronic bronchitis

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8
Q

disease of the airways with chronic cough and sputum production

A

chronic bronchitis

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9
Q

to be considered chronic, bronchitis must last ________

A

3 mo out of the year for 2 consecutive years

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10
Q

how to use inhalers related to chronic bronchitis

A

exacerbation = steroid inhaler, then off and use maintenance

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11
Q

common characteristics of the “blue bloater”

A

-stocky
-fluid retention
-cough
-hypoxia
-edema
-hypercapnea

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12
Q

what is the “pink puffer”

A

emphysema

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13
Q

impaired oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange that is end stage, slowly progressive, and is the destruction of walls over distended alveoli

A

emphysema

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14
Q

what involves breakdown of alveolar walls with an increase in dead space where no gas exchange can occur

A

emphysema

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15
Q

barrel chest is often seen in

A

emphysema

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16
Q

common characteristics of chronic emphysema

A

-thin
-inc. resps to maintain O2
-accessory muscles
-pursed lip breathing

17
Q

characteristics of the “pink puffer”

A

-CO2 retention
-no cyanosis
-ineffective cough
-dyspnea
-barrel chest
-thin
-short sentences

18
Q

nutritional treatment for COPD

A

-small frequent meals
-high protein, LOW CARB, high fat
-hydration

19
Q

what meds are used for COPD

A

bronchodilators, corticosteroids

20
Q

what kind of surgery is for COPD

A

-lung volume reduction surgery
-lung transplant

21
Q

chronic inflammatory disease of the airways

A

asthma

22
Q

are asthmatic bronchospasms usually reversible?

A

usually

23
Q

what cells respond to the allergy in asthma

A

mast cells

24
Q

what cells do the clean up / mucus in asthma

A

macrophages

25
Q

what cells are the first responders and initiate inflammatory response in asthma

A

neutrophils

26
Q

what cells are in the body of allergies

A

eosiniphils

27
Q

process of asthma?

A

hypoxia -> hyperventilation -> respiratory alkalosis -> increased CO2 -> respiratory acidosis -> respiratory failure

28
Q

triggers of asthma

A

-allergens
-meds
-GERD
-strong odors
-hormones
-exercise, cold
-non-selective beta blockers

29
Q

3 most common symptoms of asthma

A

-cough
-dyspnea
-wheezing

30
Q

what diagnostics are used for asthma?

A

-forced expiratory volume
-forced vital capacity
-PFTs

31
Q

what kind of asthma is where normal treatment cant stop it

A

status asthmaticus

32
Q

what are the common inhaled corticosteroids

A

-fluticasone
-budesonide
-flunisolide

33
Q

what should you do after taking steroid inhalant?

A

rinse mouth

34
Q

what is the anticholinergic associated with asthma?

A

ipratropium

35
Q

what are the short acting bronchodilators (beta 2 adrenergic agonists)

A

-albuterol
-levalbuterol

36
Q

what are the long acting B2 adrenergic agonists (maintenance)

A

-salmeterol
-formoterol

37
Q

combination asthma meds

A

-fluticasone-salmeterol
-budesonide-formoterol

38
Q

leukotriene modifiers for astham

A

montelukast

39
Q

immunomodulator for asthma

A

-IgE-inhibiting IgG monoclonal antibody (omalizumab)

Adults (35 decks)

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