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Adults > oral & esophageal (final) > Flashcards

oral & esophageal (final) Flashcards

1
Q

periodontal disease is connected to what other systemic diseases?

A

-cardiovascular disease
-diabetes (DM)
-rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

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2
Q

what is the most common cuase of tooth loss among adults

A

periodontal disease

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3
Q

what groups are at greater risk for periodontal disease

A

-increased age
-black/hispanic
-current smokers
-lack of dental care (socioeconomic)

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4
Q

what term means dry mouth

A

xerostomia

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5
Q

what comdition is where there is…

  • opening in the esophagus
  • contensts go into the mediastinum
  • can lead to sepsis
A

perforation

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6
Q

what are causes of perforation?

A

-boerhaave syndrome (15%)
-procedures (NG/EGD/ET)
-chemical ingestion
-foreign bodies
-stab/gunshot

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7
Q

how will a client present with perforation

A

-neck/shoulder/lower back
-can’t lie flat
-tachypnea and tachycardia
-severe hypotension
-fever and chills
-dysphagia and vomiting
-pain

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8
Q

what labs/test are for perforation

A

-fluoroscopy
-CT
-EGD

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9
Q

what kind of meds can help perforation?

A

broad spectrum antibiotics

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10
Q

what are surgical interventions for perforation

A

could have no surgery, minimal surgery, or major surgery

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11
Q

what are complications of perforation

A

-pneumonia
-sepsis
-death
-ARDS

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12
Q

what are causes of foreign bodies entering the esophagus?

A
  • not properly chewing food
  • children putting objects in mouth
  • fish bones (not tender)
  • grapes, peanuts, candy, hot dog
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13
Q

how will a client that has foreign bodies in the esophagus present?

A
  • acute dysphagia
  • increased saliva
  • odynophagia (painful swallowing)
  • gag/choke
  • CP
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14
Q

what labs/test are for foreign esophagus bodies

A
  • x-ray
  • fluoroscopy/EGD
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15
Q

complications of foreign bodies in esopagus?

A

obstruction and perforation

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16
Q

what med may help foreign bodies in the esophagus

A

glucagon (dilate smooth muscle)

17
Q

surgical intervention for foreign bodies in the esophagus

A

EGD

18
Q

what can you educate involving foreign bodies of the esophagus

A

-teach about small objects
-tell to follow up with GI

19
Q

causes of chemical burns of the esophagus?

A
  • acid/base
  • intentional/unintentional
  • meds
20
Q

how will a client with an esophageal chemical burn present

A
  • dysphagia
  • stridor, wheezing, dyspnea, tachypnea
  • abd tender/guarding
  • bleeding/shock
21
Q

labs/tests for chemical burns of esophagus

A
  • chest/abd x-ray
  • eventual EGD
22
Q

meds that can help esophageal chemical burns

A
  • corticosteroids
  • antibiotics
23
Q

interventions for esophageal chemical burns

A
  • do not induce vomiting
  • prepare for emergent intubation
  • neutralize chemicals
24
Q

hoe can nurses help with esophageal chemical burns

A
  • talk to parents about toxins
  • know poison control
  • discuss long-term complications
  • enteral feeding (G/J tube)
  • pneumatic dilation (scarring, cant expand)
25
Q

what are causes of GERD

A
  • incompetent LES
  • hiatial hernia
  • pregnancy
  • motility disorder
26
Q

how will a client with GERD present?

A
  • pyrosis (burning)
  • CP
  • dysphagia
  • dyspepsia/regurgitation
  • sensation in throat
  • disrupted sleep
27
Q

complications of GERD

A
  • esophageal stricture
  • esophageal ulcer
  • barrett’s esophagua
28
Q

what lab/tests are for GERD

A
  • EGD
  • fluoroscopy
29
Q

what surgical interventions are for GERD

A
  • nissen fundoplication (wrap stomach around esophagus
  • LINX
30
Q

what meds help GERD

A
  • antacids
  • H2s (famotidine)
    * PPIs (omeprazole)!!!
  • prokinetics (metoclopramide)
31
Q

what are the 2 major types of esophageal cancer

A
  • adenocarcinoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
32
Q

which esophageal cancer has risk factors of GERD, tobacco/alcohol, and barrett’s esophagus

A

adenocarcinoma

33
Q

which esophageal cancer has risk factors of chronic ingestion of hot/cold foods, poor oral hygeine, alcohol/tobacco, nutritional deficiency, and injury to esophagus

A

squamous cell carcinoma

34
Q

where is esophageal cancer usually found?

A

distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction

35
Q

is esophageal cancer treatable?

A

if found early its curable, if found late treat symptoms

36
Q

what can be done for esophageal cancer

A

surgery, radiation, chemo, esophagectomy

Adults (35 decks)

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