hypothalamus / pituitary Flashcards
what is another name for the pituitary
hypophysis
what are the 3 sections of the pituitary
-anterior
-posterior
-pars intermedia
what is the pituitary controlled by
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus via the _____
neural stalk
what are the anterior hormones?
GH (growth hormone)
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone)
PRL (prolactin)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
great aunt tessie loves pretty flowers
what are the posterior hormines?
vasopressin (ADH)
oxytocin
most pituitary tumors are _____ and ____
slow-growing and benign
primary pituitary tumors are _______, while secondary are _____
in the pituitary, affects the pituitary from somewhere else
what are functional tumors
still secrete hormone
what are non-functional tumors
dont secrete hormone
what do eosinophilic tumors cause?
gigantism/acromegaly
some characteristics of transsphenoidal removal of the pituitary
-through the nose
-nose packed 4 days
-inc. HOB for gravity
-no cough/sneeze
-neuro check
-replace cortisol and TH
-monitor diabetes insipidous
hypopituitarism has low secretion of which hormones
GH, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH
hypopituitarism is a complication of _____
radiation therapy
what are therapeutic interventions for hypopituitarism
-cortisol replacement
-thyroid replacement
nursing interventions for hypopituitarism
-monitor for DI (excess urine, dehydration, dilute urine)
-monitor for gonadal failure and loss of secondary sex organs (pituitary out after puberty, androgens maintain 2ndary sex characteristics, if before hormone replacement)
posterior pituitary disorders involve _____
water regulation
what are the 2 posterior pituitary disorders?
DI and SIADH
what is DI
deficiency of ADH, vasopressin (inability to conserve water)
characteristics of DI
dehydration, low BP, concentrated sodium in blood, hypotension
what is SIADH
excessive ADH
characteristic of SIADH
fluid retention
what are the causes of DI
-neurogenic (head trauma/tumor/infection)
-infections of CNS (spinal cord)
-nephrogenic (kidney injury, cant respond to ADH)
-drugs (lithium, pituitary damage)
cardiovascular manifestations of DI
-decreased BP, tachy, weak pulse, concentrated blood from increased sodium
