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Adults > hypothalamus / pituitary > Flashcards

hypothalamus / pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

what is another name for the pituitary

A

hypophysis

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2
Q

what are the 3 sections of the pituitary

A

-anterior
-posterior
-pars intermedia

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3
Q

what is the pituitary controlled by

A

hypothalamus

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4
Q

posterior pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus via the _____

A

neural stalk

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5
Q

what are the anterior hormones?

A

GH (growth hormone)
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone)
PRL (prolactin)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
great aunt tessie loves pretty flowers

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6
Q

what are the posterior hormines?

A

vasopressin (ADH)
oxytocin

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7
Q

most pituitary tumors are _____ and ____

A

slow-growing and benign

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8
Q

primary pituitary tumors are _______, while secondary are _____

A

in the pituitary, affects the pituitary from somewhere else

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9
Q

what are functional tumors

A

still secrete hormone

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10
Q

what are non-functional tumors

A

dont secrete hormone

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11
Q

what do eosinophilic tumors cause?

A

gigantism/acromegaly

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12
Q

some characteristics of transsphenoidal removal of the pituitary

A

-through the nose
-nose packed 4 days
-inc. HOB for gravity
-no cough/sneeze
-neuro check
-replace cortisol and TH
-monitor diabetes insipidous

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13
Q

hypopituitarism has low secretion of which hormones

A

GH, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH

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14
Q

hypopituitarism is a complication of _____

A

radiation therapy

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15
Q

what are therapeutic interventions for hypopituitarism

A

-cortisol replacement
-thyroid replacement

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16
Q

nursing interventions for hypopituitarism

A

-monitor for DI (excess urine, dehydration, dilute urine)
-monitor for gonadal failure and loss of secondary sex organs (pituitary out after puberty, androgens maintain 2ndary sex characteristics, if before hormone replacement)

17
Q

posterior pituitary disorders involve _____

A

water regulation

18
Q

what are the 2 posterior pituitary disorders?

A

DI and SIADH

19
Q

what is DI

A

deficiency of ADH, vasopressin (inability to conserve water)

20
Q

characteristics of DI

A

dehydration, low BP, concentrated sodium in blood, hypotension

21
Q

what is SIADH

A

excessive ADH

22
Q

characteristic of SIADH

A

fluid retention

23
Q

what are the causes of DI

A

-neurogenic (head trauma/tumor/infection)
-infections of CNS (spinal cord)
-nephrogenic (kidney injury, cant respond to ADH)
-drugs (lithium, pituitary damage)

24
Q

cardiovascular manifestations of DI

A

-decreased BP, tachy, weak pulse, concentrated blood from increased sodium

25
Q

renal manifestations of DI

A

excessive urine, dilute SG

26
Q

integumentary manifestation of DI

A

poor turgor and dry mucous

27
Q

neuro manifestation of DI

A

polydipsia (thirst), irritable, lethargy, ataxia

28
Q

assessment/diagnostic findings of DI

A

-fluid deprivation
-specific gravity
-labs (dec. plasma ADH)

29
Q

medical management of DI

A

-ADH replacement
-treat underlying cause
-give fluids to replace loss and correct sodium
-increase fluids
-chlorproppamide and thiazide diuretics

30
Q

nursing management of DI

A

-I&O
-daily weight
-specific gravity
-avoid alcohol, it suppresses ADH

31
Q

SIADH has ____ ADH

A

excess

32
Q

causes/risks for SIADH

A

-disorders of lungs
-disorders of CNS
-malignant tumors
-medications

33
Q

what CNS disorders can cause SIADH

A

-head injury
-subdural/arachnoid hemorrhage

34
Q

medical management for SIADH

A

-treat underlying cause
-fluid restriction
-medications

35
Q

nursing care for SIADH

A

-I&O
-daily weight
-fluid restriction
-urine and blood chemistries
-monitor neuro status

Adults (35 decks)

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