intestinal/rectal disorders (final) Flashcards
what are causes of constipation
- blockages
- nerve
- muscular involvement
- hormonal imbalances
- certain meds
- ignoring the urge
what is happening with constipation?
-stool mpving too slowly
-stool unable to be evacuated
labs/tests for constipation
- blood tests
- colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy
- colonic transit study
what are meds that help with constipation
otc laxatives, stimulants, stool softeners, enemas
prescription lubiprostone, linaclotide
complications of constipation
hemorrhoids
anal fissure
impaction
rectal prolapse
how can nurses help constipation
- diet and activity
- monitor med risk
- EDs
- sit with legs supported
causes of diarrhea
- virus/bacteria
- meds
- food intolerance
- surgery
- digestive disorders
what is the rapid transit of stool through the colon
diarrhea
labs/tests for diarrhea
- CBC
- stool test
- sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy
meds that can help diarrhea
- antibiotics (parasitic)
- liquids!!!
- atropine/diphenoxylate
cuases of IBS
- strong/weak contractions
- nervous system
- inflammation
- infection
- changes in gut bacteria
how does a client with IBS present?
- abd pain/cramp
- diarrhea/constipation
- mucus shreds in stool
labs/tests for ibs
- stool tests
- lactose intolerance tests
- colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy
meds for ibs
lubiprostone
linaclotide
complications of ibs
- colon cancer
- social isolation
how can nurses help ibs
- diet/lifestyle
- counseling/relaxation
- fluids/sleep
- avoid triggers
what are causes of appendicitis
- blockages in appendix
- kinked, occluded, tumor
what is heppening in appendicitis
- loss of blood supply
- infalmmation, ischemia, necrosis
- untreated = sepsis/death
what condition has symptoms of…
* periumbilical pain shifting to RLQ
* flu-like symptoms
* pain worse w/ movement
* bloating/flatulence
* aging population
appendicitis
labs/tests for appendicitis
- mcburney’s point (rebound tenderness RLQ)
- CBC
- abd CT
- HCG levels to r/o preg
what meds can help appendicitis
- prophylactic antibiotics
- narcotic pain meds/NSAIDs
what are causes of diverticulitis
- diverticula (holes)
- diverticulum (multiple holes)
- diverticulosis
- weak pockets in colon
what condition is…
* marble-sized protrusions
* tearing of diverticula
diverticulitis
diverticulitis has pain in the _____
LLQ