Stallion Reproduction Flashcards
What type of breeders are stallions and how is that different from mares?
they are long day breeders but they can still breed in the non breeding season
What happens to the testis during non-breeding season?
they shrink in size
What happens to the quality of semen in non-breeding season?
it decreases; less semen
What are some behavior signs that a stallion is ready to breed?
immediate interest and interaction, erection, readiness to mound
What is the total breeding time of stallions?
2-5 minutes; they usually ejaculate on first mount
What are components of a breeding soundness examination?
general history, pedigree records, estimating reproductive potential, establishing daily sperm output, physical examination, semen collection, and semen evaluation
What does the general physical exam of a stallion look for?
libido, behavior, and physical soundness
What does testicular examination entitle?
palpation, measurements (length, width, height), and an ultrasound exam
On the macroscopic level, what are semen evaluated by?
color, appearance, and volume
On the microscopic level, what are semen evaluated by?
motility, concentration, and morphology
What is the desired amount of motility of semen?
more than 50%
What percent of semend is the desired amount of normal morpholgy?
more than 70%
What are some machines that aid in determining used in evaluating semen?
hemocytometer slide, densimeter, CASA, or nucleocounter
What are some tests for semen evaluation?
longevity tests, specialized staining, and membrane evaluation
What are extenders?
chemical products that extend the life of the semen
